Unit 1

1. Unit 1 English 2

2. 1. Theme • A central thought or idea of a story. • Examples: • Heroes must undergo trials and endure losses before they can claim their rightful kingdom. • Arrogance and pride can bring destruction

3. 2. Conflict • A struggle between opposing forces, ideas, or characters • There are two types of conflict: Internal and external

4. Internal vs. External • Internal: A struggle between opposing needs, desires, or emotions within a single character. • External: A character struggles against an outside force. This could be another character, a group of characters, or even nature.

5. 3. Climax: • Climax: Decisive moment in the conflict; the moment of high interest.

6. 4. Denouement: • Denouement: Final outcome of the major conflict and minor complications.

7. 5. Flashback • Flashback: Introduction of an event that happened earlier that helps to explain the story.

8. 6. Foreshadowing • Foreshadowing: When the author gives clues that hint at what is going to happen later in the plot.

9. 7. Protagonist: • Protagonist: Main character in the story.

10. 8. Antagonist • Antagonist: The character who directly opposes the protagonist; often the villain.

11. 9. Dynamic character: • Dynamic character: Character who grows or develops during the story

12. 10. Static character: • Static character: Character who remains the same throughout the story.

13. 11. Irony: • Something that is contrary to what would normally be expected. • There are 3 types of Irony in literature: • Situational • Dramatic • Verbal

14. Isn’t it ironic? • Situational: What actually happens is the opposite of what is expected. • A fire house burning down • Dramatic: When the reader or audience knows something important but the character doesn’t • knowing the character’s enemy is hiding under the bed, but the character doesn’t know it yet • Verbal: The speaker says one thing but means the opposite: • It is raining outside, but the speaker says, “What a lovely day!”

15. 12. Diction: • Diction: Author’s choice of words. • May help to set the tone; words may be a clue to the character’s personality.

16. 13. Tone • Tone: The attitude the writer takes towards a subject a character or the reader. • Tone is conveyed through the writer’s choice of words and details. • Examples: serious, playful, sarcastic, argumentative, or angry

17. 14. Point of view • Outlook or position presented by the author. • There are 3 different P.O.V.s: • 1st person: personal, Author assumes the view of the character. (think “I”) • 2nd person: author assumes the view of an observing character in the story. • 3rd person: impersonal, author detaches himself and may be an omniscient narrator.

18. Symbolism: • Symbolism: When a person, place, thing or event stands for or suggests something else.