Decadal Survey Tier 1 Missions Road to Mission Concept Review and MCR Lessons Learned

1. Decadal Survey Tier 1 MissionsRoad to Mission Concept Reviewand MCR Lessons Learned Mary DiJoseph ESM Program Deputy Technical Richard Slonaker CLARREO Program Executive NASA HQ

2. Outline • Decadal Survey Tier 1 mission status • Road to Mission Concept Review (MCR) and Key Decision Point-A (KDP-A) • Study guidelines • NPR 7123 requirements for MCR • NPR 7120.5 requirements for KDP-A • Mission Concept Study Report content • MCR Lessons Learned • KDP-A Lessons Learned

3. Tier 1 Mission Status • NASA’s goal, established in April 2008, was for all Tier 1 missions to be in or be ready to transition into Phase A by October 2009 • Must complete MCR • KDP-A transition gate is content driven, not schedule driven • Soil Moisture Active-Passive mission (SMAP) • Completed MCR in July 2008 • Completed KDP-A (a presentation to the Science Mission Directorate Program Management Council) on 12 Sep 2008 • Officially in Phase A • Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) • Conducted MCR in February 2009 resulting in failure • Not approved to enter Phase A, preparing for a delta MCR • Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) and Deformation, Ecosystem Structure and Dynamics of Ice mission (DESDynI) both plan to conduct MCR in Fall/Winter 2009

4. Earth Science Projects Division Decadal Survey Master Schedule As of 10/14/2008 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2014 2020 KDP-A 09/08 MDR 02/09 MCR 06/08 PDR 12/09 CDR 12/10 SIR 10/11 PER 04/12 PSR KDP-C NET LRD 03/13 SMAP (Soil Moisture And Precipitation) KDP-B 06/09 KDP-D 12/11 02/10 01/13 ΔMCR TBD MDR 11/09 KDP-C 01/11 NET LRD 11/14 PER 08/13 PDR 11/10 SIR 05/13 PSR NLT LRD 03/16 MCR 02/09 ICESAT II (Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite) CDR 09/11 KDP-A TBD/09 KDP-B 01/10 KDP-D 07/13 09/14 Launch Readiness Window MCR 12/09 Pre-Phase A Mission Trade Studies Launch Readiness Window CLARREO (Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory) MCR 09/09 Pre-Phase A Mission Trade Studies Launch Readiness Window DESDynI (Deformation, Ecosystem Structure and Dynamics of Ice) International Hydrology Work Workshop 10/21 – 10/23 SWOT (Surface Water Ocean Topography) ASCENDS (Active Sensing of CO2 Emissions over Nights, Days, and Seasons) ASCENDS Workshop @ U of Michigan 07/23 – 07/25 ACE Science Working Group Meeting 11/06/2008 ACE (Aerosol - Cloud – Ecosystems) GEO-CAPE Workshop @ U of North Carolina 08/18 – 08/20 GEO-CAPE (Geostationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events) Imaging Spectrometer and Infrared Imager - Science Workshop 10/21 – 10/23 HyspIRI (Hyperspectral Infrared Imager) Milestone Duration Bar Progress/Status Bar Completed Milestone Study Phase

5. NASA’s Project Lifecycle

6. Road to MCR and KDP-A: The Mission Study Process • Conduct studies and analyses to derive the Level-1 requirements • Science, engineering, cost and schedule • Complete an analysis of alternatives resulting in a conceptual design • Conduct MCR • Prepare all documents for approval • Mandated documents listed in NPR 7120.5D (NASA Space Flight Program and Project Management Requirements) 6

7. NPR 7123 requirements for MCR

8. NPR 7120.5 MCR Requirements • Deliver the following products • Draft Level-1 Requirements Document • Preliminary Formulation Authorization Document (FAD) • Mission Concept Report • Preliminary Integrated Baseline

9. MCR Lessons Learned-1 • Concept Definition • Must have sufficient fidelity to support trades, risk identification, and a credible cost estimate • Must incorporate sufficient margins per NASA and implementing Center standards • Must exhibit robustness • Technology Readiness and Risk Assessment • Technology is at an appropriate maturity level (TRL 5-6) • Risks should be identified and mitigation plans in place • Project should utilize a risk management system (the software and a primary manager) • Level-1 Requirements Definition • Supported by documented trade studies, a Science Definition Team (SDT) report, simulations, modeling, and analysis • Science requirements formally decomposed and traceable to mission element requirements (Levels 2 & 3) • Traceability documentation exists and has been peer reviewed • Credible cost and schedule estimates supported by at least one independent estimate or assessment • Estimates should be coordinated with the Program Executive (PE) and the ESM-PO at least two months before the MCR itself • Both cost and schedule must have reserves specified by Agency and implementing Center policies • Launch Vehicle availability and cost must address availability via NASA Launch Servcies (NLS) contracts • Credible de-scope options identified • Options for cost containment exist and have been quantified • Partnering & Contributions • Need to identify the notional partnering and giver/receiver list within Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) • Review Team, TOR, and Independent Program Assessment Office (IPAO) • 7120.5 D does not require a formal Standing Review Board (SRB) for MCR, however the review chair, agenda, and TOR should be coordinated with the implementing Center’s Systems Review Office • Review team members should have independence from the Project, and at least half should be from an independent Center • Team members should be suitable for appointment to the official SRB in Phase A • MCR preparation roadmap, document templates, and sample documents are available to all missions from the Program Office library

10. MCR Lessons Learned -2 Level-1 Requirements Agreement • Missions in Pre-Formulation must have a draft Level-1 requirements document that has the concurrence of NASA HQ/ESD, the Program Office, and the SDT • This may require several iterations to reach a mutually agreeable solution for science content, mission concept, cost, and schedule • All mission study teams should initiate this process at least 6 months before scheduling the MCR to ensure convergence in advance of the review itself • The Program Scientist (PS) and Program Executive (PE) are jointly responsible for developing the Level-1 requirements with the advice of the SDT and the mission study team • The PE and PS have the authority to modify the SDT’s recommendations in order to meet other programmatic needs (e.g., budget, Launch Readiness Date (LRD)) • The Level-1 requirements document the science objectives, measurement requirements, instrument performance requirements, and mission performance requirements

11. MCR Lessons Learned-3 • Complete documentation and presentation of all trades conducted during Pre-Phase A • Each mission should document completed trades that justify the baseline mission concept to be presented at MCR • Formal trade study reports should be made available to the MCR Independent Review Team (IRT) at least 2 weeks before the review itself • A matrix summarizing the trades is sufficient for the review presentation • The study team must also present the evaluation criteria for each trade and document the rationale for selecting the baseline concept • Pursue alternative means of making measurements to meet the mission cost targets • The mission study team, as part of the Pre-Phase A studies, should evaluate alternative concepts for satisfying the science and measurement requirements, which includes evaluating the contributions of other assets expected to be in operation at the time the mission will launch • alternative measurement approaches • alternative technologies • potential partnerships with or contributions from non-NASA organizations

12. MCR and KDP-A • Proceeding to Phase A requires the following to exist: • FAD ready for signature • Appropriate trades for Phase A have been identified, planned and budgeted • Required Phase A funding has been identified and is available • Draft Level-1 Requirements exist • Lower level requirements are understood and documented • Analysis deriving lower level requirements from the Level 1’s exists and has been documented • Project has done an excellent job on technical definition, grassroots cost estimate, and Phase A-D schedule • Risks are identified and appropriate mitigation plans in place • Project needs to iterate technical content and cost estimates with the HQ-ESD and ESM-PO during Phase A to develop a baseline for Mission Definition Review (MDR)

13. KDP-A Lessons Learned • KDP-A is approval for Phase-A only • Agenda is defined in Science Mission Directorate (SMD) management instructions • SMAP example on following slide • Launch vehicle must comply with commercial Space Act Provisions • Must start with a standard NASA Launch Services vehicle as the primary option • This cost must be in the baseline cost estimate • Payload Risk Classification • Rationale for mission risk classification should be identified • Risk Mitigation Plan implementation approach should be defined

14. SMAP KDP-A Agenda