Library of Congress Subject Headings

1. Library of Congress Subject Headings Lecture 2

2. Changes in terminology (1) Old New Unauthorized term Authorized term Sacks see Bags Sacks USE Bags Authorized term Unauthorized term Bags x Sacks Bags UF Sacks

3. Card catalog see ref. Catalog card Sacks see Bags Unauthorized term Authorized term

4. Card catalog see ref. - online Subject browse = sacks Sacks See: Bags

5. Changes in terminology (2) Broader and narrower terms Old New Specific term General term Cubism xx Art Cubism BT Art General term Specific term Art sa Cubism Art NT Cubism

6. Card catalog see also ref. Catalog card Art see also Cubism Broader term Narrower term Only if you have items under heading Cubism!

7. Card catalog see ref. - online Subject browse = art Art Narrower Term: Cubism …

8. Changes in terminology (3) Old New Term Related term Cookery sa Food xx Food Cookery RT Food Term Related term Food sa Cookery xx Cookery Food RT Cookery

9. Card catalog see also ref. Catalog card Cookery see also Food Authorized term Related authorized term Only if you have items under heading Food!

10. Card catalog see also ref. Catalog card Food see also Cookery Authorized term Related authorized term Only if you have items under heading Cookery!

11. Online catalog see also ref. cookery

12. Online catalog see also ref. Cookery

13. Online catalog see also ref. See Also: Food Only if you have items under heading Food!

14. Geographic subdivisions Construction industry (May Subd Geog) — Finance — — Law and legislation (May Subd Geog) Allowed headings: Construction industry — Italy Construction industry — Italy — Finance Construction industry — Finance — Law and legislation — Italy

15. Geographic names Obtaining the correct term United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) United States: http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic

16. Searching…

17. Results

18. Results (enlarged)

19. Searching for foreign names

20. Searching for foreign names No Myanmar

21. Burma or Myanmar? BURMA(BM)

22. Burma or Myanmar?

23. Burma or Myanmar? Burma Myanmar (Variant)

24. Searching for foreign names

25. Searching for foreign names

26. Geographic subdivision instructions - old way (1) LCSH would indicate whether a geographic heading could be added directly or indirectly Drainage laws (Direct) Ferns (Indirect)

27. Geographic subdivision instructions - old way (2) Drainage laws (Direct) Headings Drainage laws — United States Drainage laws — Pennsylvania Drainage laws — Pittsburgh

28. Geographic subdivision instructions - old way (2) Ferns (Indirect) Interpose “collecting level” Headings Ferns — Switzerland — Geneva Ferns — Pennsylvania Ferns — Pennsylvania— Pittsburgh

29. Collecting levels Geographic subdivision instructions - new way Drainage laws (May Subd Geog) Ferns (May Subd Geog) Headings Ferns — Switzerland — Geneva Ferns — Pennsylvania— Pittsburgh

30. Geographic subdivisions - collecting levels (1) • United States, Canada, Great Britain • First-level political subdivisions (states, constituent countries, republics) assigned directly • Ferns — Massachusetts— Boston • Other countries • Collecting level is the country • Ferns — Spain— Madrid

31. Geographic subdivisions - collecting levels (2) • Exceptions to the rule: Washington Metropolitan Area, New York Metropolitan Area, and Jerusalem Metropolitan Area are cited directly • Ferns — Washington (D.C.) • Ferns — Jerusalem

32. Geographic subdivisions - collecting levels (3) • New York Metropolitan Area • Ferns — New York Metropolitan Area • New York City • Ferns — New York (State) — New York

33. Geographic subdivisions in card and MARC formats (1) Gardens — France — Nice card 650 a Gardens z France z Nice. MARC

34. Geographic subdivisions in card and MARC formats (2) Gardens — Massachusetts — Boston 650 a Gardens z Massachusetts z Boston.

35. Geographic subdivisions in card and MARC formats (3) Gardens — Jerusalem 650 a Gardens z Jerusalem.

36. Geographic subdivisions in card and MARC formats (3) Boston (Mass.) — Auditoriums, convention facilities, etc. Geographic qualifier 651 a Boston (Mass.) x Auditoriums, convention facilities, etc.

37. Types of subdivisions • Topical • Geographic • Chronological • Form

38. Topical subdivisions Used under headings of all types to limit the concept expressed by the heading to a subheading Drinking water — Aluminum content

39. Geographic subdivisions "Indicate the geographic area to which treatment of a topic is limited. They may designate where something is located, or where something is from, depending on the topic." Orchids — India

40. Chronological subdivisions "Chronological or period subdivisions indicate time periods covered in the contents of the work. " Women — History — To 500 French poetry — 19th century See H 1647 sec. 4 to determine when you can add time period without intervening — History

41. Form subdivisions Indicate what the item is rather than what it is about. Now coded in MARC subfield v. Vocabulary tests — Study guides 650 a Vocabulary tests v Study guides. Subfield v: form subdivision

42. Subdivisions listed in LCSH American poetry (May Subd Geog) — Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 — Revolutionary period, 1775-1783 — 1783-1850 — 19th century — 20th century — — Readings with music American poetry — 20th century — Readings with music

43. Transfer subdivisions listed? American poetry (May Subd Geog) — Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 — Revolutionary period, 1775-1783 — 1783-1850 — 19th century — 20th century — — Readings with music American poetry — Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 — Readings with music ?

44. Free-floating subdivisions Five types: • General free-floating subdivisions • Subdivisions under classes of persons and ethnic groups • Subdivisions under names of individual corporate bodies, persons, and families • Subdivisions used under place names • Subdivisions controlled by pattern headings

45. Subject Cataloging Manual SUBJECT CATALOGING MANUAL Subject Headings Volume 2 H 1075-H1200

46. General free-floating subdivisions • Form or topical • Form : what the work is Environmental education —Bibliography • Topical : what the work is about Environmental education — Political aspects

47. Free-Floating Subdivisions H 1095 Section in Subject Cataloging Manual $v Designs and plans (H 1532) Use under architectural headings, including types of buildings and rooms, and under landscape headings, including types of gardens and parks, for works containing architectural drawings. $xDeterioration Use under types of substances, materials, products, etc. $v Dictionaries (H 1540) Use under subjects. See also –Encyclopedias $x Use only as topical subdivision $v Use as either form or topical subdivision

48. General free-floating subdivisions—form Personal Name: Penrice, John, 1818-1892. Main Title: A dictionary and glossary of the Koran / John Penrice. Published/Created: Mineola, N.Y. : Dover Publications, 2004. Description: viii, 166 p. ; 28 cm.ISBN:0486434397 (pbk.) Subjects: Koran—Language, style—Dictionaries—English. Arabic language—Dictionaries—English. Form subdivisions

49. General free-floating subdivisions—form 100 1_ |a Penrice, John, |d 1818-1892. 245 12 |a A dictionary and glossary of the Koran / |c John Penrice. 260 __ |a Mineola, N.Y. : |b Dover Publications, |c 2004. 300 __ |a viii, 166 p. ; |c 28 630 00 |a Koran |x Language, style |v Dictionaries |x English. 650 _0 |a Arabic language |v Dictionaries |x English. Subfield v for form subd.

50. Form subdivisions 245 0 0 |a Dizionario dell’automobile : |b tedesco-italiano, italiano-tedesco = Automobil-Wörterbuch : Deutsch-Italienisch, Italienisch- Deutsch . . . 650 _ 0 |a Automobiles |v Dictionaries |x Italian. 650 _ 0 |a Automobiles |v Dictionaries |x German. Subfield v for form subd.