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Writing Warm Up. Directions: Take out a piece of paper. Do NOT write your name at the top. Write a paragraph describing one of your shoes. Describe your shoe in as much detail as possible WITHOUT writing down the name brand of the shoe.
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Writing Warm Up Directions: • Take out a piece of paper. • Do NOT write your name at the top. • Write a paragraph describing one of your shoes. • Describe your shoe in as much detail as possible WITHOUT writing down the name brand of the shoe.
Simple, Compound, Complex and Compound-Complex Sentences in Your Writing
Learning Target • I can use varied syntax to link major sections of my writing. • This means I can use the four different types of sentence structures in my response to make my writing more interesting and cohesive.
Once a writer knows the difference amoung the four sentence types (simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex), it is possible to write with sentence variety.
Simple Sentence • A simple sentence contains a subject and a verb. • It expresses a single complete thought. • A simple sentence is composed of one independent clause. • An independent clause can stand by itself.
Sample Simple Sentences • The catcrept through the dark house. • The wary mousewatched from underneath an upturned cereal box. • The predatory catstopped and surveyed his surroundings. • The mousedarted for the safety of the nearly invisible hole under the cabinet.
Compound Sentences • A compound sentence contains two independent clauses. • Conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) join these independent clauses. • Hint: The conjunctions spell FANBOYS.
Sample Compound Sentences • The catwas unsuccessful in his attempt to catch the mouse, andthe mousewas not able to get the cheese. • The doghad watched all of this, buthe refused to become involved. • The mousecould wait until dark, orhecould risk a daylight raid on the pantry. • The catusually slept during the day, yetcuriosityheld him at the corner of the kitchen.
Complex Sentences • A complex sentence is an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses. • A subordinating conjunction begins the dependent clauses. • A dependent clause that begins a sentence must be followed by a comma. • A dependent clause has a subject and a verb, but it does not make sense on its own.
Subordinating Conjunctions after how until although if unless as in as much as if in order that when as long as at least whenever as much as now that whereas soon wherever as though since while because so that before even if that even though though
Sample Complex Sentences • After he gave it some thought, the mouse decided to wait until later for his walk. • The cat fell asleep on the warm kitchen floor because he was deprived of sleep the night before. • When the mouse heard the soft snoring of his sleeping nemesis, he scurried to the pantry and grabbed enough food for a week.
Compound-Complex Sentences • A compound-complex sentence is a sentence that has at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. • The same subordinating conjunctions are used to introduce the dependent clauses. • The same coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS) are used for joining the independent clauses.
Sample Compound-Complex Sentences. • After the two adversaries had spent years playing this “cat and mouse” game, theywere joined by their children, and the funcontinued. • Even though it seems the two were bent on the other’s destruction, the cat and mousewere rather fond of one another, and neitherwanted the other’s defeat. • This gamewas begun thousands of years ago, and itwill continue far into the futureas other cats and mice revel in hide-and-seek.
Practice – Simple, Compound, Complex, or Compound-Complex? 1. Juan played football while Jane went shopping. 2. Juan played football, and Jim played baseball. 3. Although Central High has a better team, they lost the tournament, and their more aggressive style did not pay off. 4. Naomi passed the test because she studied hard, but Stacy did not understand the material. 5. I love living in Kentucky.
Mini Quiz • Directions: Transform this simple sentence into a compound, complex, and compound-complex sentence. • Simple Sentence: Jack and Jill went up the hill to fetch a pail of water. • 1. Compound- • 2. Complex- • 3. Compound-Complex-
Shoe Activity • Take off your shoes and put it in the front of the room. • Everyone will receive a description of a shoe (not your own). • While you are answering your writing prompt, I will call one row to the front of the room at a time, and you will be given three minutes to find the correct shoe and return it to your classmate.
Writing Prompt • “Describe an event in your life that has caused a change in you.” • Write three to four well developed paragraphs. • Concentrate on varying your sentence structure.
Peer Review • Read your papers to a partner. • Trade papers and identify two examples of each sentence structure type. • You will need to label eight sentences. • If your partner does not have varied syntax, work together to rewrite the sentences.
Reminders • Don’t forget to do TCA Prep at home. • Check the class Google Group for important reminders. • http://groups.google.com/group/landonenglish3/members?hl=en