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What are individual surveys?. Surveys of samples of individuals either at home or the workplace To produce data for governments on work, expenditure etc - LFS, FES Or specialised surveys – eg Living Conditions Panels studies – BHPS, GSOEP.
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What are individual surveys? • Surveys of samples of individuals either at home or the workplace • To produce data for governments on work, expenditure etc - LFS, FES • Or specialised surveys – eg Living Conditions • Panels studies – BHPS, GSOEP
What can analysis of individuals add to other research? • Testing structural parameters for example… • Work conditions • Social divisions (age/gender) but also… • Comparative indicators • Trends
Analysis of individuals…. • Looking at work processes? Scope is limited • Need work-based surveys • Inadequate questions (except hours worked and individual work responsibilities) • Is analysis of workers or work units?
Analysis of individuals • Analysis of outcomes • Occupational status • Pay • Quality of working life • Stress • Aggregate change in these (time series) • Within individual change (panels)
Constraints • No single good data source – mix and match • Big issues like globalisation, value chains can’t be addressed • Work processes and structures only glimpsed indirectly
Modes of analysis • Descriptive • Structural parameters and outcomes • Current distributions (eg of skills) • Relations between these and other factors • Trends (where possible)
Modes of analysis • Some causal relationships that can be addressed (example of skills)…. • Is spread of new and niche graduates occupations (Elias) associated with pay differentials between graduates? • Is overqualification the result of the social demand for higher education? • Has increase in supply of female graduates reduced gender inequality?
Concluding comments • Quantitative analysis based on individuals, especially sampled through households, has to be highly focussed • This will relate most to indicators that identify individuals rather than jobs or work processes – eg qualifications and skills • But inferences about job change can be made • More direct casual analysis possible with panels