1) Relatedness “r”

1. 1) Relatedness “r” • A) means degree of shared genetic similarity among relatives over-and-above the baseline genetic similarity within a population • B) ranges from 0 to 1 • C) reflects the likelihood that two individuals would share supposedly “altruistic” alleles • D) affects the likelihood of the expression of behaviors, such as alarm calling, between individuals • E) all of the above

2. 2) br-c > 0 • A) is called Fisher’s Fundamental Theorum • B) is called Hamilton’s rule • C) describes the conditions under which a gene affecting social behavior will experience positive selection • D) only applies in animals that live in social groups where each one knows the relatedness to each other • E) B and C above, but not A or D

3. 3) altruism • A) does not really exist • B) exists only in social species that consist of close genetic kin • C) can be explained by shared genes and/or reciprocal interactions over time

4. 4) haplodiploidy • A) describes the genetic system in which males develop from unfertilized eggs and are haploid whereas females develop from fertilized eggs and are diploid • B) makes females more closely related to their full sisters than they would be to their own offspring • C) contributes to an understanding of the evolution of eusocial insects in the hymenoptera • D) all of the above

5. 5) eusociality • A) involves the evolution of non-reproductive individuals • B) depends upon costs, benefits, and relatedness of individuals • C) is known in both vertebrates and invertebrates • D) all of the above