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GM’s Advanced Propulsion Technology Strategy

GM’s Advanced Propulsion Technology Strategy. March 2008. The Challenge. Global increase 2% / year, 60% increase over 2003. Global energy demand exceeds our current glide path for supply. 195. Energy Demand (MBDOE). 88. 146. 111. Source: DOE Energy Information Agency.

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GM’s Advanced Propulsion Technology Strategy

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  1. GM’s Advanced Propulsion Technology Strategy March 2008

  2. The Challenge Global increase 2% / year, 60% increase over 2003 • Global energy demand exceeds our current glide path for supply 195 Energy Demand (MBDOE) 88 146 111 Source: DOE Energy Information Agency MBDOE: Millions of barrels per day oil equivalent

  3. Advanced Propulsion Technology Strategy Improved Vehicle Fuel Economy and Emissions DisplacePetroleum HydrogenFuel Cell-Electric Battery-ElectricVehicles (E-Flex) Hybrid-ElectricVehicles (includingPlug-In HEV) IC Engineand TransmissionImprovements Time Petroleum (Conventional and Alternative Sources) Biofuels (Ethanol E85, Biodiesel) EnergyDiversity Electricity (Conv. & Alternative Sources) Hydrogen

  4. Energy and Environment “At GM, we believe tomorrow’s automobiles must be flexible enough to accommodate many different energy sources. And a key part of that flexibility will be enabled by the development of electrically driven cars.” Rick Wagoner Chairman and CEO General Motors Corporation LA Auto Show 11/29/2006

  5. The GM North America “FlexFuel Club”More Models Than Any Other Automaker! Chevrolet Impala GMC Sierra Chevrolet Silverado Chevrolet Uplander GMC Yukon &Yukon XL Express & Savana Vans Police Tahoe & Impala Chevrolet Avalanche,Suburban & Tahoe

  6. Why E85? • Reduces green house gas emissions • Renewable • Reduced dependency on foreign oil • Potential to add substantially to the fuel supply • Supports rural communities and the domestic agriculture industry • Help the U.S. Economy

  7. E85 Ethanol Has Even Greater Potential to Reduce Oil Imports if 50% of All U.S. Vehicles Were FFV Ethanol potential assumes 50% FFV production from all OEMs from 2012, and the FFV parc uses E85. Adjusted for energy equivalency with gasoline. Oil information source: EIA – 2007 Annual Energy Outlook Table 11.

  8. General Motors & Coskata Partnership • GM senior leadership is committed to enhancing the commercialization of cellulosic ethanol • GM has reviewed the leading cellulosic ethanol technologies and potential producers & selected to first partner with Coskata • Offers unique technology • Utilizes versatile input materials • Offers cost-competitive ethanol production • Makes sense environmentally from a lifecycle perspective • Coskata and GM will work together on: • Testing fuel from Coskata pilot plant in GM vehicles • Explore using GM plant waste to make ethanol and assist GM goal of zero landfill use by its manufacturing facilities • Making ethanol from renewable sources, used tires, and municipal waste • Global marketing of next generation ethanol

  9. General Motors & Coskata Partnership • What does Coskata do? • Using proprietary microorganisms and patented bioreactor designs, the company will produce ethanol for under US$1.00 per gallon almost anywhere in the world, from a wide variety of inputs. • GM has taken an undisclosed strategic ownership position of Coskata to work on rapid commercialization of “The Next Generation of Ethanol”

  10. Coskata – “The Next Generation of Ethanol” • Efficient • Able to make more than 100 gallons of ethanol from 1 ton of dry material • Uses less than one gallon of fresh water per gallon of ethanol produced, compared with three to four gallons for ethanol today • Reduces greenhouse gas emissions by as much as 84% compared to conventional gasoline • Returns up to 7.7 times as much energy as is used in the ethanol production process • Affordable • Ethanol produced for under $1 per gallon, which should equate to 50 cents to $1.00 less than gasoline at the pump • Flexible • Multiple non-food sources are used to make ethanol • Geographically flexible by using resources from almost every country around the globe

  11. Fuel Solutions Campaign – Creative Approach

  12. Bio-Diesel • Made from renewable sources • B5 approved for use on 6.6L Duramax and all European diesels • B20 capable fullsize vans and heavy-duty pickups available via a Special Equipment Option (5F4) Industry-wide B20 standard needed

  13. 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 GM/Allison Hybrid Bus Chevrolet Silverado/ GMC Sierra Saturn VUE Green Line Saturn Aura Green Line Chevrolet Malibu Tahoe/Yukon Escalade Silverado/ Sierra Saturn VUEGreen Line Saturn VUEGreen Line plug-in GM’s Portfolio 2-ModeHybrid Light Hybrid Hybrid 2-ModeHybrid E-Flex ChevroletVolt

  14. GM’s Hybrid Portfolio Saturn VUE Malibu Hybrid Escalade Hybrid Silverado Hybrid Yukon SUV Hybrid

  15. GM RWD 2-Mode Hybrid Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid • 50% city fuel economy improvement • Fuel economy equalto 4-cyl Camry • Awards include: • Green Car of the Year • Popular Mechanics Breakthrough of the Year • Popular Science Best of What’s New • Automobile Magazine Technology of the Year GMC Yukon Hybrid

  16. What is a Two-Mode Hybrid? • A traditional “One-Mode” Hybrid typically has one torque splitting arrangement and no fixed mechanical ratios • GM’s “Two-Mode” Hybrid uses low & high speed electric continuously variable transmission modes combined with a fixed –gear transmission. One transmission with: • 2 Electric motors • 4 Fixed-gear ratios • Provides higher efficiency and no reduction in capabilities or performance

  17. The World’s Only 2-Mode Hybrid System • 25% overall fuel economy Improvement • 50% improvement in city mpg • Key Benefits of the 2 Mode system: • Electric start at low speeds • Less fuel consumption at low speed and idle • AutoStop at 0 mph (engine off) • Longer Active Fuel Management bandwidth due to Hybrid electric assist • Regenerative Braking System • Electric Power Rack & Pinion Steering (EPS) and Air Conditioning • Enables towing and hauling capabilities customers expect in a full size SUV

  18. 2-Mode RWD Hybrid AFM 6.0L V8/V4 Engine 2-Mode Hybrid Transmission w/Regenerative braking Battery Pack Power Electronics

  19. New for 2008i • What is a 2-Mode Hybrid? • A traditional “One-Mode” hybrid typically has one torque splitting arrangement and no fixed mechanical ratios • Prius uses 1 electric motor and a Continuous Variable Trans • Only provides hybrid benefit at low speed • Sacrifices payload and towing capability • GM’s “2-Mode” hybrid uses two electric motors combined with a fixed gear 4-speed transmission • Low speed and high speed fuel economy advantages • No loss in capability • No loss in performance

  20. New for 2008i • How does a 2-Mode Hybrid save fuel? • While Stopped: • Auto Stop at 0 MPH. Battery power provides accessories power, AC/heat, power steering, etc. • Low Speeds: • Battery power alone drives vehicle at speeds up to about 30 MPH • Mid-High Speeds: • Active Fuel Management 4-cylinder mode is utilized to a much greater extent • Hybrid electric boost provides enough power to only need 4-cylinders at highway speeds • Results: 50% City & 30% Overall MPG Improvement

  21. 2009 Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid Hybrid available 2009-Model Year Available on 1500 Series Crew Cab Two-Mode System Coupled with Active Fuel Management 50% improvement in city driving fuel economy

  22. New for 2009i • 2-Mode Hybrid Silverado/Sierra • Identical powertrain to Tahoe/Yukon Hybrids • 1500 series Crew Cabs • 11/17/2008 SOP • Two marketing packages based on LT/SLE trim: • 1HY – Based on 1LT: Cloth bench seat, fewer features • 2HY – Based on 2LT: Leather buckets, Nav radio, etc, 2 free flow options: Sunroof & Rear Vision Camera • All hybrids come with a tonneau cover • Will not have SUV level of differentiation but will be clearly badged

  23. GM 2-Mode Hybrid • Most Fuel Efficient V6 SUV on the market • Est. 50% improvement in combined city/highway fuel economy over non Hybrid V6 Vue • 500 Mile Fuel Range

  24. GM Hybrid System • Belt-alternator-starter hybrid (BAS) • Lowest cost U.S. hybrid • Best value 24 City/32 Hwy 25 City/32 Hwy 24 City/32 Hwy

  25. Saturn Vue Plug-in Hybrid • Double the fuel economy of any current SUV • Approximately 10 mile electric-only range at low speeds • 4-5 hour recharge time Plug-in Charger Modified 2-ModeHybrid Drive System Lithium Battery Pack

  26. E-Flex System Family of Electric Vehicle Propulsion Systems • E = Pure electric drive • Adaptable to a range of energy sources • Tailor to meet specific needs • Engineering development initiated

  27. E-Flex System Internal CombustionEngine (Gasoline) 12 GallonFuel Tank Gasoline Battery Pack Plug-In Generator 110V / 15A Front Electric Motor

  28. Lithium Ion Battery Development Challenges • Safety • Durability • Driving range • Recharge time • Operating temperature range • Affordability

  29. Chevrolet Volt — EV Concept Advanced technology plug-in hybrid Embodies GM’s E-flex system Battery-powered with extended range Powered by large battery & 1L turbo engine: Enough electricity to go 640 miles Triple-digit fuel economy Volt showcases many current or near-term technologies and materials

  30. Project Driveway — Fuel Cell Test Fleet First true market test of fuel cell vehicles 100 Equinox Fuel Cell vehicles Focus markets California (L.A. & Sacramento) Washington, D.C. New York City metro area Demonstrate GM’s fuel cell technology leadership Largest deployment of Fuel Cell vehicles

  31. Project Driveway — Fuel Cell Test Fleet Chevrolet Equinox Fuel Cell: Fuel economy twice production Equinox 0-60 mph in 12 seconds Top speed 100 mph Will meet all safety standards Regenerative braking Single-speed electric motor traction system

  32. Chevrolet Sequel • World’s Most Technologically Advanced Vehicle • Styling • Utility • Performance • 300 mile range

  33. Cadillac Provoq • A vision for a petroleum free future of luxury transportation: • 5th Gen Fuel Cell is half the size of its predecessor • More power and better performance • 300 miles on a single fill of hydrogen • 280 miles from hydrogen • 20 miles on pure, battery electric energy

  34. GM Driving Industry Standard Technology/ Performance Defining Industry Future Direction • >50% of U.S. vehicle volume will be Flex Fuel by 2012 MY • Cost effective hybrid in cars and small SUVs • Fuel economy leadership in 2-mode hybrid applications • Plug-in 2-mode hybrid in medium crossover-utility segment • New applications of clean passenger car and light-duty truck diesels in North America • E-Flex/Chevrolet Volt/Equinox Fuel Cell vehicles strengthen technology leadership image

  35. GM - Energy and Environment Vision “Our goal is to take the automobile out of the energy debate… to be part of the solution…” Beth Lowery Vice President Energy and Environment General Motors Corporation

  36. Summary • GM’s Advanced Propulsion Technology Strategy will… • Reduce fuel consumption and GHG emissions • Be sustainable through energy diversity • Displace petroleum • Alleviate the issue of demand outgrowing limited supply • Reduce our dependence on a supply subject to uncontrollable risks

  37. Summary • By Incorporating… • Continued improvement of conventional powertrains • Gas engines, diesel engines, and transmissions will be the principle propulsion systems for the foreseeable future • Alternative fuels • Biofuels such as E85 ethanol and Biodiesel (i.e. B20) • Increased electrification of the automobile • Rapid expansion of our hybrid portfolio, including plug-ins • EV range extenders • Ultimately, hydrogen fuel cells

  38. Other Options

  39. 2008 Saturn Aura Green Line Hybrid • GM Hybrid System Powertrain • 24 city • 32 highway • 30 percent fuel economy improvement • Lowest priced mid sized hybrid on the market at $22,790 • $1300 Hybrid Tax credit

  40. Saturn Green Line Hybrids Saturn Green Line models — affordable Hybrids Vue is GM’s 1st FWD use of Most fuel-efficient V6 SUV on the market Aura Hybrid offers low cost & good fuel economy Saturn Aura Saturn Vue

  41. 2008 Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid GM Hybrid System • ECOTEC 2.4L 4 cylinder VVT engine • Electric Motor/Generator • Engine Start/Stop • Early Fuel Cutoff • Regenerative Braking • Intelligent hybrid battery charging • Hill Start assist system (maintains brake pressure to allow the driver to accelerate without rolling)

  42. Saturn VUE Green Line Hybrid • 2.4L 4-cyl. Hybridavailable this Fall • 3.6L V6 Hybrid available in 2008 CY

  43. New for 2008 • 2-Mode Tahoe/Yukon Hybrid

  44. The World’s Only Full-Size Hybrid SUVs • Best capability • Best efficiency • Best technology GMC Yukon Hybrid SUV Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid SUV

  45. New for 2008i • 2-Mode Tahoe/Yukon Hybrid

  46. New for 2008i • What makes up a 2-Mode Hybrid Powertrain? 2-Mode Hybrid Transmission w/Regenerative braking AFM 6.0L V8/V4 Engine Battery Pack Power Electronics

  47. New for 2008i • What else is unique about the Tahoe/Yukon Hybrid? • Regenerative Braking • Aerodynamic Improvements: • New fascias, running boards & wheels • No roof rack, tow hooks or fog lamps • Mass Savings: • Aluminum hood, liftgate, front bumper beam & wheels • Thin profile seats • Hard Packaged Content: • Only one trim package • Only 2 free flow options: Sunroof and Rear Seat Entertainment • Facilitates pool retail distribution system

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