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The Chemistry of Climate Change

The Chemistry of Climate Change. The Science of Global Climate.

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The Chemistry of Climate Change

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  1. The Chemistry of Climate Change

  2. The Science of Global Climate “There's a lot of differing data, but as far as I can gather, over the last hundred years the temperature on this planet has gone up 1.8 degrees. Am I the only one who finds that amazingly stable? I could go back to my hotel room tonight and futz with the thermostat for three to four hours. I could not detect that difference.” -Dennis Miller

  3. Climate Climate is characterized by the statistical properties of the weather over a period of time, including averages of local variables such as temperature, winds, humidity, pressure, and precipitation.

  4. June 12, 2001 Warming Threat Requires Action Now, Scientists Say By ANDREW C. REVKIN In his speech on climate yesterday, President Bush said that a basic problem with the Kyoto Protocol, the proposed international pact for curtailing global warming, was that it laid out a timetable for cutting releases of heat-trapping gases before the threat posed by a buildup of those gases was clearly understood. New York Times

  5. Solar Radiation q: zenith angle top of atmosphere h q L Earth

  6. Solar Radiation m: ‘air mass’

  7. Solar Radiation t: attenuation coefficient Light absorption by particles Light scattering by gases Light absorption by gases Light scattering by particles

  8. Solar Radiation t: attenuation coefficient Rayleigh Scattering

  9. Solar Radiation Scattering and Absorption by Particulate Matter ‘modeled’

  10. Solar Radiation Aerosol Extinction Rayleigh Scattering Ozone Absorption

  11. 100 Units Incident Albedo 17 19 4 8 Clouds Aerosols 6 46

  12. Solar Radiation Planck’s Relation peak wavelength (nm) Wein’s Law

  13. Solar Radiation 5000 K 3000 K 1000 K 500 K Flux: number of photons per second per square centimeter 300 K 100 K

  14. Solar Radiation 5800 K

  15. Solar Radiation Radiative Power from Sun Incident on Earth

  16. Solar Flux solar flux pr2

  17. Solar Radiation Global energy use by population ~ 1x1013 W 1 part in 10000 2% for U.S. Urban Areas

  18. Solar Radiation Earth Emission

  19. Radiation Balance balance Fraction Absorbed

  20. Radiation Balance Actual is 290 K

  21. Temperature at the Surface of Three planets: D=Tactual-Tcalculated Calculated T/K Actual T/K D Earth 254 290 +36 Mars 217 223 +6 Venus 227 732 +505

  22. Greenhouse Effect 300 nm

  23. Greenhouse Gases Species Absorption Region Estimated Global Warming H2O 2.5, 3.5, 5-7 mm ~110 Wm-2 CO2 14-19 mm ~50 Wm-2 CH4 3-4, 7-8.5 mm ~1.7 Wm-2 O3 9-10 mm ~1.3 Wm-2

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