1 / 40

LOCAL AREA NETWORK

LOCAL AREA NETWORK. Presented by : Tan Teng Meng WET010148 Chan Choi Ngor WET020019 Philip Lim Loong Hin WET020144. Table of Contents. LAN Definition Presented by Tan Teng Meng LAN Topology and Device Presented by Chan Choi Ngor LAN Cabling, ATM and wireless LAN

urian
Download Presentation

LOCAL AREA NETWORK

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. LOCAL AREA NETWORK • Presented by : Tan Teng Meng WET010148 Chan Choi Ngor WET020019 Philip Lim Loong Hin WET020144

  2. Table of Contents • LAN Definition • Presented by Tan Teng Meng • LAN Topology and Device • Presented by Chan Choi Ngor • LAN Cabling, ATM and wireless LAN • Presented by Philip Lim Go To Slide Go To Slide Go To Slide

  3. Local Area Network (LAN)

  4. What is LAN? • High speed, fault-tolerant data network • Cover a relatively small geographic area • Connects workstations, personal computers, printers, and others devices.

  5. LAN Technologies • Ethernet • Token Ring • FDDI

  6. Ethernet • Most widely-installed • Specified in a standard, IEEE802.3 • Connected to the cable and compete for access using a CSMA/CD protocol • shared media - media access is controlled on a “first come, first serve” basis • 10BASE-T provides transmission speeds up to 10 Mbps • 100BASE-T provides transmission speeds up to 100 Mbps

  7. Token Ring • Second most widely-used • Specified as IEEE 802.5 • Connected in a ring or star topology • Provides for data transfer rates of either 4 or 16 Mbps

  8. FDDI • A set of ANSI and ISO standards for data transmission • Can extend in range up to 200 km • Based on the Token Ring protocol • Used on the backbone for a WAN

  9. Advantages and Disadvantages with LANs

  10. Types of LANs • Server-based LAN • Has a dedicated machine/computer, that has the file server software located on it. • All the workstations point towards this computer for accessing the resources • Peer-to-Peer LAN • Small & has the files server software installed on each of the workstations • Acting as both a file server & a workstation.

  11. LAN Transmission Methods • Unicast - a single packet is sent from the source to a destination on a network. • Multicast - consists of a single data packet that is copied and sent to a specific subset of nodes on the network • Broadcast - consists of a single data packet that is copied and sent to all nodes on the network HOME

  12. LAN Topologies • Physical topologies • Bus topology • Ring topology • Star topology • Extended star topology • Hierarchical topology • Mesh topology • Logical topologies • Broadcast topology • Token passing

  13. Bus Topology • uses a single backbone segment (length of cable) • the hosts connect to it directly.

  14. Ring Topology • connects one host to the next and the last host to the first

  15. Star Topology • connects all cables to a central point ( Hub or Switch )

  16. Extended Star topology • links individual stars together by linking the hubs or switches • extend the length and size of the network

  17. Hierarchical topology • similar to an extended star • linking the hubs/switches together, the system is linked to a computer • The computer controls the traffic on the topology

  18. Mesh topology • is used when there can be absolutely no break in communications.

  19. Broadcast topology • Each host sends its data to all other hosts on the network medium • First come, first serve • Is the way that Ethernet works

  20. Token Passing • Controls network access by passing an electronic token sequentially to each host • The host receives the token can send data on the network • If the host has no data to send, it passes the token to the next host & the process repeats itself

  21. Devices in LAN • A LAN consists of PC and external hardware, named hosts. • Apart from hosts, there are other devices functioning as the connecting medium : • Repeater • Hub • Bridge • Switch • Router

  22. Network Interface Card • Printed circuit board, also called network adapter. • Carries a MAC address ( Layer 2 device ) • Each hardware and PC in the network must have a NIC to be connected to a network.

  23. Repeater • Used to lengthen the range in the network. • Layer 1 device which receive and transmit the data. • Will not check for error, or determine the destination.

  24. Hub • Layer 1 device also called multi-port repeater • Receive and transmit data without checking for error or consistency of data packet. • Advantage – decrease wiring and increase reliability.

  25. Bridge • Operates via MAC address ( Layer 2 device ) • Connect different part of the LAN while filtering the traffic to keep local traffic local, yet allow connectivity to other parts. • Keeps track on MAC address on each side

  26. Switch • Layer 2 device also called multi – port bridge. • Filters data by switching data only to the port where the appropriate destination is located • Can be used to segment networks.

  27. Router • Layer 3 device used to regulate traffic • Forward the data packet to appropriate host via IP address. • It also examine data packets and choose the best path for it. • Can connect different Layer 2 technologies. HOME

  28. Wire / Cable • Another essential component of a network, example LAN • There are different wire / cable types to be chose based on the range and bandwidth the network requires. • Example of cable : • UTP • STP • Fiber Optic • Coaxial Cable

  29. Unshielded Twisted Pair • Consists of 2 – 4 unshielded copper solid or stranded wires. • Most network protocol using the UTP will require 2 pairs of wires, one for transmission and one for reception. • General choice of wiring in office and home, with the RJ45 connectors • Comes in 5 categories based on the EIA/TIA standards

  30. Unshielded Twisted Pair ( cont ) • Advantage – Inexpensive and easy to work with. Flexible and can fit in full conduits. Many people familiar with UTP. • Disadvantage – Prone to interference. Short range of distance. • Speed and throughput – 10 – 100 Mbps • Media and connector size – small • Maximum range of connection – 100m

  31. Shielded Twisted Pair • Similar to the UTP in operation and design. • Reduction of noise and interference, from both within and outside. • More expensive and difficult to install compared to UTP

  32. Fiber Optic • Cable with glass and plastic medium • Uses light ( laser ) to transmit data. • Multimode fiber is often used in LAN. • Has a low error rate and degrading is lower. High performance and longer range. • Expensive and difficult to implement. • Normally used as backbone in a LAN.

  33. Fiber Optic Cable

  34. Coaxial Cable • Consists of a central copper core encased in a plastic sheath • Quite easy to implement, and popular choice in LAN • Speed and throughput – 10 – 100 Mbps • Media and connector size – medium • Maximum cable length – 50m

  35. Coaxial Cable • Divided into 2 types : • Baseband • One channel – single message a time at a high speed • Able to handle 10 – 80 Mbps • An important component in Ethernet • Easy to plug in / out a network without disturbing network flow • 500m optimum range • Unable to send integrated signals

  36. Coaxial Cable • Broadband • Can carry several different signals broadcasted at different frequency simultaneously • Possible to allocate 6-346 MHz for forward and 25 MHz for reception channels • Can be single cable or dual – cable. • Can have 50 channels broadcast at 5 Mbps maximum • Require more planning, and installation of amplifiers are needed

  37. Asynchronous Transfer Mode • Another popular networking technology working in a different way compared to LAN • It is possible to implement ATN in a LAN, and vice – versa, by emulating the 2 technologies.

  38. Differences between LAN and ATM • Connection : • LAN is connectionless, ATM is connection – oriented. • Size of transmission : • LAN have variable packet size, up to 1.5 kilobytes, while in ATM, each cell is 53 bytes. • Broadcast : • LAN support broadcast and MAC address, while ATM is switch-based • Mode : • LAN work in best – effort mode, ATM is similar except how it provide effective congestion control

  39. Wireless LAN • A traditional LAN uses electricity and light as medium of data transmission. • Wireless technology uses the atmosphere as transmission medium • While it is applicable, wireless LAN is costly, and have high error rate HOME

More Related