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External Factors. = UA Campus Statistic = Global Statistic. General User Population and Expectations. Desire for self-sufficiency Desire for speed Desire for real-time help and services Collaboration and multitasking are the norm Beyond text: visual, multimedia, interactive
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External Factors = UA Campus Statistic = Global Statistic
General User Population and Expectations • Desire for self-sufficiency • Desire for speed • Desire for real-time help and services • Collaboration and multitasking are the norm • Beyond text: visual, multimedia, interactive • Remote use rising; in-library use falling (40% off-campus; 40% on campus; 20% in library building)
Students • Enrollment up but more slowly than predicted • In 2001, 58% of students worked 11 or more hours a week at a job; 25% studied or did homework 11 or more hours a week • Between 15 – 20% of students study abroad • Increasing number of students with physical disabilities • National average four-year student-loan debt in 2002 was $18,900 • 89% begin research with a search engine; 2% with a library web site. • 45% come to the library to study or use a computer; 30% to get research help or get copies of journal articles.
Faculty / Research • Increased expectations for grants and outside funding • Funded research more than doubled in last 10 years • Doctoral / Master’s degrees awarded up 37% in last 10 years • Increased collaboration across departments and colleges • Student / faculty ratio has crept up in last five years to 18:1; 15% of classes have 50 or more students
University of Arkansas • Inadequate state funding • Increased competition from within state • Decentralized technology infrastructure • Space limitations • Increased enrollments • Diversity initiatives • Growing distant or hybrid programs; many at graduate / professional levels
Higher Education • Consumer model • Accountability and assessment • Increased emphasis on retention and student experience • Corporate providers and competition • Average cost of attending college is up 35% over the last five years. • Increased regional collaboration (SEC group)
State of Arkansas • K-12 needs predominate • Capital needs for higher education have gone unfunded • Large number of colleges for population served • Northwest region growth • Large corporate foundations • Enhanced fiber infrastructure (ARE-ON)
Technology • Open source and collaborative software • Security and authentication challenges • Specialized skills and training needed: instructional design, media, programming • Preservation and format migration • Hammers in search of nails (social software, blogging, wikis, project management, etc.)
Publishing and Scholarly Communication • Quality, free content continues to proliferate • Open access model still maturing • Structure of collections budgets makes migration to electronic products difficult (monographs funds vs. serials funds) • Ebook pricing and format models still evolving • More academic content published as media (audio, video) rather than text • Digital Rights Management models are between consumer and publisher; no place for library • Mergers and acquisitions drive costs up • Licenses: archiving, preservation, interlibrary loan, reserves clauses
Librarianship • Move from curators to content creators • Degreed credentials vs. new skill sets • Retirements and cultural change • New standards: e.g., AACR2 revision • Declining leadership and services from Library of Congress • Mergers and Acquisitions: OCLC / RLIN; OCLC’s acquisition of digital rights management, ILL, reference software
Sources • The 2003 OCLC Environmental Scan: Pattern Recognition. Dublin, OH: OCLC, 2004. http://www.oclc.org/reports/escan/introduction/default.htm • 2010 Commission Reports. http://chancellor.uark.edu/101.htm • All Things Academic. http://libinfo.uark.edu/ata/ • Chronicle of Higher Education. Special Issues and Data. http://chronicle.com/special/ • MINES for Libraries(tm): Measuring the Impact of Networked Electronic Services and the Ontario Council of University Libraries' Scholar Portal, Final Report, January 26, 2006. Washington, D.C. Association of Research Libraries, 2006. http://www.libqual.org/documents/admin/FINAL%20REPORT_Jan26mk.pdf • Perceptions of Libraries and Information Resources. Dublin, OH: OCLC, 2005. http://www.oclc.org/reports/2005perceptions.htm • University of Arkansas Office of Institutional Research. http://www.uark.edu/admin/uadata/index.html