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Prostate Cancer: Understanding The Basics And Facts You Need To Know

Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the prostate gland, which is a part of the male reproductive system. It is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. Prostate cancer typically grows slowly and may not cause symptoms until it has progressed. Regular screening can help detect prostate cancer early when treatment is most effective.<br>

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Prostate Cancer: Understanding The Basics And Facts You Need To Know

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  1. Prostate CancerUnderstanding The Basics And Facts Dr. Saket Narnoli

  2. Prostate cancer • Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the prostate gland, a small gland located just below the bladder in men. The prostate gland produces a fluid that nourishes and transports sperm during ejaculation. Age and family history are known risk factors for prostate cancer, with men over the age of 50 and men with a family history of prostate cancer being at higher risk. • Prostate cancer can be detected with a PSA test, which measures the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood. However, the PSA test is not always accurate, and elevated PSA levels can be caused by other conditions besides cancer.

  3. Types of prostate cancer • Stage I: The cancer is small, confined to the prostate gland, and has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or other organs. • Stage II: The cancer is still confined to the prostate gland, but is larger and may be more aggressive than in Stage I. • Stage III: The cancer has spread beyond the prostate gland to nearby tissues or organs, such as the seminal vesicles. • Stage IV: The cancer has spread to other parts of the body, such as the bones, liver, or lungs.

  4. Prostate cancer symptoms • Urinary problems: Prostate cancer can cause urinary problems such as a weak or interrupted urine flow, frequent urination (especially at night), difficulty starting or stopping urination, and the need to urinate urgently. • Pain and discomfort: Prostate cancer can cause pain or discomfort in the pelvic area, lower back, or upper thighs. • Erectile dysfunction: Prostate cancer can affect a man’s ability to achieve or maintain an erection. • Other symptoms: In rare cases, advanced prostate cancer symptoms such as weight loss, fatigue, and swelling in the legs or pelvic area.

  5. Prostate cancer Causes • Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, particularly after the age of 50. • Family history: Having a close relative, such as a father or brother, with prostate cancer increases the risk. • Genetic factors: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. • Hormonal imbalances: High levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) may contribute to the development and growth of prostate cancer. • Obesity: Being overweight or obese has been linked to a higher risk of developing aggressive forms of prostate cancer.

  6. Prostate cancer treatment • Active surveillance: For low-risk prostate cancer, active surveillance may be recommended. This involves monitoring the cancer with regular PSA tests, digital rectal exams, and biopsies, but not treating it right away. • Surgery: Surgery involves removing the prostate gland and any cancerous tissue surrounding it. Surgery may be recommended for early-stage prostate cancer or when other treatment options have failed. • Radiation therapy: This treatment may be used alone or in combination with other treatments, such as surgery or hormone therapy. • Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy is used to block the production of testosterone, which can fuel the growth of prostate cancer cells. Hormone therapy may be used alone or in combination with other treatments. • Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. • Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy uses the body’s own immune system to fight cancer cells. This treatment may be used for advanced prostate cancer.

  7. Thank You www.dhanbadurologist.com

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