US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP)

1. US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) Eric Prebys, Fermilab Program Director, LARP First Joint HiLumi/LARP meeting

2. Outline • Overview of LARP • Technical details in following talks • LARP Personnel Programs • LARP and HiLumi • The future Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

3. LARP • The US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) was formed in 2003 to coordinate US R&D related to the LHC accelerator and injector chain at Fermilab, Brookhaven, and Berkeley • SLAC joined shortly thereafter • Has also had some involvement with Jefferson Lab/Old Dominion University and UT Austin • LARP has contributed to the initial operation of the LHC, but much of the program is focused on future upgrades. • The program is currently funded at a level of about $12-13M/year, divided among. • Accelerator research • Magnet research (~half of program) • Programmatic activities, including support for personnel at CERN Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

4. LARP Subprograms • Accelerator Systems (talk by Tom Markiewicz) • Instrumentation • Collimation • Accelerator Physics • Crab Cavities • etc • Magnet Systems (talk by GianLucaSabbi) • ~half the program in terms of resources • Long term program to establish the viability of Nb3Sn superconductor for large aperture/high gradient quadrupoles proposed for LHC upgrades. • Programmatic Activities • Management costs • Travel • Support for US personnel working at CERN Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

5. General Comments About Subprograms • The Magnet Systems portion of LARP is a monolithic program, with a well-defined goal. • LARP resources insufficient to build an actual “prototype” • Hand off to production project ~2015 • That money (or some of it) will disappear from LARP budget • Accelerator Systems works to match US interests and expertise to perceived needs at the LHC • Generally a faster time scale • Activities change significantly over time • Expected to be ongoing • Personnel programs respond to immediate needs of LHC commissioning and optimization. • Very valuable • Would be the “last thing to go” Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

6. LARP Contributions to Initial LHC Operation • Schottky detector • Used for non-perturbative tune measurements (+chromaticities, momentum spread and transverse emmitances) – Operational • Tune tracking • Implement a PLL with pick-ups and quads to lock LHC tune – Fully integrated • Investigating generalization to chromaticity tracking • AC dipole • US AC dipole to drive beam • Measure both linear and non-linear beam optics – Primary tool for high energy optics • Luminosity monitor • High radiation ionization detector integrated with the LHC neutral beam absorber (TAN) at IP 1 and 5. – Primary fast system (VDM scans, etc) • Synchrotron Light Monitor • Used to passively measure transverse beam size and monitor abort gap • Not a LARP project, but significantly improved by LARP – Fully integrated • Low level RF tools • Leverage SLAC expertise for in situ characterization of RF cavities – Fully integrated • Personnel Programs… Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

7. Toohig Fellowship • Named for Tim Toohig, one of the founders of Fermilab • Open to recent PhD’s in accelerator science or HEP. • Successful candidates divide their time between CERN and one of the four host labs. • Past • Helene Felice, LBNL, now post-doc • Rama Calaga, BNL, now staff and LTV • Ricardo DiMaria, BNL, now CERN Fellow • Ryoichi Miyamoto, FNAL, now ESS (Lund) • DariuszBocian, FNAL, now Poland • Present • ValentinaPrevatali, FNAL • John Cesaratto, SLAC • If interested, contact John Fox at SLAC Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

8. Long Term Visitors Program • Based on positive experience of early “ad hoc” visitors • Peter Limon, Jim Kerby, Bob Flora, SandorFeher, etc • LARP Pays transportation and living expenses for US scientists working at CERN for extended periods (at least 4 months) • Extremely successful at integrating people into CERN operations • Past: • Jim Strait, FNAL – Machine protection/splice consilidation • Steve Peggs , BNL – UA9 • Alan Fisher, SLAC – Synchrotron Light Monitor • ElianaGianfelice, FNAL – abort gap cleaning • UliWienands, SLAC – UA9, PS2, PSB • Rama Calaga, BNL – crab cavities and commissioning (now CERN staff) • Present: • Chandra Bhat, FNAL – flat bunches for Large Pewinski Angle solution • AlexexeyBurov, FNAL – instabilities • Success owes a lot to strong support from CERN! • Interested parties coordinate with a CERN sponsor and apply to the program (UliWienands, SLAC) Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

9. Impact of LARP Personnel Programs Letter to Michael Procario, Acting Head, DOE Office of High Energy Physics, 9-MARCH-2011 Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

10. Relevance of LARP to CERN Upgrade* Letter to Dennis Kovar, Head, DOE Office of High Energy Physics, 17-August-2010 (…) *letter suggested at review Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

11. Memo from Lucio Rossi LARP non-LARP Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

12. LARP and HiLumi • Because of the acknowledged relevance of LARP work to the long term goals of CERN wrt the LHC, it makes sense to coordinate with the HiLumi design study (and whatever follows) • HiLumi Work Packages: • WP1: Management • WP2: Beam Physics and Layout • WP3: Magnet Design • WP4: Crab Cavity Design • WP5: Collimation and Beam Losses • WP6: Machine Protection • WP7: Machine/Experiment Interface • WP8: Environment & Safety Significant LARP and other US Involvement LARP will be involved if crystal or e-beam included Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

13. Letter in support of HiLumi-LHC Design Study Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

14. Major Ongoing LARP Accelerator Activities • Rotatable Collimators – SLAC • LLRF – SLAC • High Bandwidth Feedback for SPS – SLAC, LBL • Crystal Collimation • UA9 at CERN – SLAC, FNAL • T980 at FNAL – FNAL • General beam physics and beam-beam – FNAL, SLAC, LBNL • Hollow electron beam collimation – FNAL • Crab cavities – FNAL, SLAC, LBNL, BNL, JLAB/ODU • Energy deposition studies in magnets – FNAL, LBNL Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

15. Scope and Limits of LARP • The “R” in LARP is for “Research” • LARP is an R&D organization • ~Fixed budget  scope and schedule contingency • Not really set up for major hard deliverables • Lumi monitor, although ultimately very successful, was a cautionary tale • Model: Promising LARP R&D will be used to motivate separately funded and monitored projects • Primary candidates: • Final focus triplets • Crab Cavities • Other possibilities • SPS feedback? • Hollow electron beam collimation? Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

16. Long Term Crab Cavity Strategy • LARP plans to continue to support crab cavities at the ~$600k/year level. • This is enough to complete a conceptual design. • Perhaps construct a prototype cavity and test in a cryostat. • Longer term plan: • Spawn off a construction project to take on some large portion of the overall crab effort • Full prototype with cryomodule? • Build some fraction of the final cavities • 4 stations per IR for full local scheme • Exact US role an important discussion for HiLumi (and US DOE) Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting

17. Magnet Strategy • In 2009, LARP successfully demonstrated its “LQ” magnet • 3.7m x 90mm aperture • Original “goal” of LARP program! • Currently testing “HQ” • 1m x 120mm aperture • Known problems being addressed • Final “LARP” magnet will be LHQ • 3.7m x 120 aperture • Other aspects of “accelerator quality” magnet • Alignment, field quality, etc • Effort will then transition to a “project” to design, prototype, and build magnets for HiLumi upgrade • Fully integrated into HiLumi plan • Assumption is that US will build (although no one has promised this yet!) Eric Prebys - Joint LARP/HiLumi Meeting