Management of injuries

1. Management of injuries Burn injuries And Teeth injuries

2. Burn injuries • Burns are common injuries that can be caused by a variety of substances and external sources such as chemicals , chemicals , electricity, radiation and even water. • The severity of a burn depends on its size and burn depth . The burn depends on the part of the body burnt and the burnt victims age. If a burn is larger than a 20 cent piece it will generally require medical attention . Severe burns can result in a number of complications such as shock . Infection , breathing difficulties and swelling that may cut off circulation. • There are 3 different types of burns according to the depth of the burn and tissue affected. • Superficial burns – damage to the top layer of skin for example sunburns . The burn site will partially become red. • Partial thickness burns –damage to the first and second layers of skin plus the underlying tissues . The burn site is very painful and will be red, blistered , peeling and swollen. There may be clear or yellow fluid leaking form the site. • Full thickness burns – damage to the first and second layers of skin plus underlying tissues , muscle , bones and organs . The burn site is white or charred and there may be exposed fatty tissue , muscle or bone . As the nerve endings are generally destroyed , there tends to be little or no pain at the site ; however the surroundings areas may be very painful.

3. Primary management of burns • Drabcd • Instruct the person to stop , cover and roll if any flames are present • Remove the person form the source of the burn • Immediately cool the burn under cold running water for at least 20 minutes • If possible remove jewellery or other constrictive items form the burn area • Cover the burn area with a non stick dressing or plastic wrap • Reassure the patient and monitor for shock

5. Teeth injuries • Injuries to the teeth are relatively common , particularly in children , teenagers and athletes . Any injuries to the teeth should be referred to a dentist as quickly as possible to increase the damaged teeth to be saved. Teeth injuries can well be prevented easily by using a well fitted mouth guard. The first aider should also be alert to possible head injuries that may result from a blow to the mouth • Signs and symptoms ; • Bleeding • Lacerated teeth • Broken teeth • Empty tooth sockets swelling and or bruising around the jaw.