Rica Viljoen

1. Sustainable organization transformation through Inclusivity 09/08/08 Academy of Management California Most Promising Dissertation Presentation Rica Viljoen

2. Specific contribution of this study (1) • Describe and Define the process of Inclusivity; • Present Inclusivity Framework; • Propose Inclusivity Transformational Strategy; • Expand diversity factors to include Diversity of Thought; • Reposition Inclusivity as radical transformational approach; • Present synthesis to unravel the essence of Inclusivity.

3. Specific contribution of this study (2) • Describe theory as it emerged on factors that lead to Inclusivity; • Demystify “the BEING”-part of leadership through describing how to optimize the Energy in the System; • Present an interplay of organizational Development methods as ways to create Inclusivity; • Linking the climate that leadership creates to engagement of the workforce; • Proposing a systemic approach towards transformation – through equal importance of “the Doing” and “the Being”; and • Crossing the boundaries between different fields of study by integrating literature from various theoretical disciplines.

4. Delimitations (Wolcott, 2002) • The term of delimitations to describe what a thesis is not about: • This thesis is about process and not about content; • It is about synthesis and not analysis; • It is about qualitative research and not quantitative research; • The study is not about human resource processes but about organizational Development and Change processes; • It is not about strategic planning methods but about an interplay of organizational Development and Change methodologies; and • It is not about a mechanistic approach towards change but about an integrated systemic approach towards transformation.

5. Research design – research onion Adapted from Saunders, Lewis and Thorndale (2003: 85) Research Philosophy Phenomenology Deductive Experiment Research Approach Survey Grounded Longitudinal Theory Systems Thinking Literature analysis Survey Case Interviews Questionnaires Study Research Methodology Reflective diary Focus Groups Observation Ethnography Abductive Cross-sectional Action Inductive Time-horizons Research Explanatory Research Data Collection methods Positivism

6. Research – Data collection 1.1 Existing Theory Existing Theory - Literature study • In-depth literature study on • Diversity • Culture • Climate – especially climate of inclusivity • organizational Development Methods • Explore diversity factors – • World view • Race, culture, gender • Thought • Personality • Literature study on • Leadership • Relationship between climate and leadership • Leadership skill needed for new world of work Outcome of literature study: Inclusivity Framework

7. Sustainability through Inclusivity - energy on all dimensions Personality, Intelligences, world view, complexity handling ability, Diversity factors, Change Resilience Individual OD Interventions EQ Journey Group Dialoguing Group dynamics, group formation, Self organising Appreciative Inquiry Storytelling Climate, culture, adaptability World Cafe organization The What Engagement / Commitment Doing Context: South Africa Africa Global The Individual Leadership How individuals change Apathy Inclusivity The Team The organization Being Disconnect How groups change How organizations change The way: How we change Why we change Essence of Change We change differently New world of work New Sciences Diversity Nature of the world

8. Operational definition of Inclusivity “…a radical organizational transformational methodology which aligns the doing and the being side of the organization around commonly defined principles and values, co-created by all. It is a systemic approach that focuses on underlying beliefs and assumptions and challenges patterns in the individual group and organizational psyche, to spend energy and engage in a sustainable, inclusive manner with the purpose to achieve shared consciousness.”

9. Focus of presentation Outline of research design Introduction Research Design Data Gathering 1.1 Existing Theory 1.2 Case Study 1.3 In depth interviews 1.4 Focus groups Data analysis through Qualitative Methodologies 2.1 Grounded Theory 2.2 Post intervention investigation 2.4 Content Analysis 2.3 Phenomenology Feedback today Inclusivity Framework Testing Phase Research Questions Adapted Inclusivity Framework Limitations of study Identification of Future research Conclusions and recommendations

10. Purpose of Research A qualitative study was undertaken with the purpose to: • Determine the sustainability of the Inclusivity Transformational strategy; - Elaborate on and/or modify the Inclusivity Framework that materialised through the literature study; and ultimately - Contribute to organizational CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT theory by building theory on the topic of Inclusivity.

11. Context Case Study During 2002-2005 a successful transformational strategy was implemented in the case organization. The process of Inclusivity as defined by the operational definition and described by the Inclusivity Transformational strategy was implemented. It is now almost six years after the initial transformational strategy were implemented and five years after the majority (80%) of interventions took place. The last intervention that formed part of the initial design took place three years ago.

12. Optimal people job fit Inclusivity Transformational Process The DOINGStep 1: Analysis OD interventions The DOINGStep 2: Planning Core values Structure Core capabilities The BEING Step 1: Ensure talent Core purpose Scenario planning Mission External and Internal Value Prop Strategic architecture The articulated and clearly understood concept of the desired future state PESTLE Vision Leadership Framework PORTER Sustainable Transformation SWOT Profit modeling Strategy operationalised Insight Engagement Leadership formulates strategy Balanced Score Card and Values Understanding differences Strategic Goals Alignment, Shared understanding Strategic Initiatives Strategy translation into Operational terms Change resilience Leadership alignment Shared views of the present and the future Leadership Drives and implement strategy Operational goals Targets Group and Individual BSC Renewed capacity to perform The BEINGStep 3: Translation Values Measures KPA’s The DOINGand BEING Final Step: Cementing Behaviours IDP The DOINGStep 3: Translation The BEING Step 2: Inclusion

13. Research Questions Main research problem: Sustainable organizational transformation can be achieved through a process of Inclusivity Sub Problems: • What strategies of inclusivity should be employed to ensure sustainable transformation? • What are the non-negotiable pre-requisites for Inclusivity? • What are the benefits of Inclusivity? • What meta-insights can be derived on “Inclusivity”?

14. Research steps summarised

15. Adapted Van Kaam’s (2006) Phenomenological Process Phenomenology 1

16. Writing first draft Further Theoretical Sampling If needed Integrating Memos/ diagramming Concepts Sorting memos Adopting certain categories as theoretical concepts Theoretical memo-writing and further refining of concepts Theoretical sampling Seek specific New data Advanced memos Refining conceptual Categories Sensitising concepts and general disciplinary perspectives Data collection – Focused coding Initiating memos Raising codes to Tentatative Categories Research problem and Research questions Reexamination of earlier data Initial coding and Data collection Adapted Grounded Theory process. Charmaz (2006) Grounded Theory 3

17. Inputs required? Any advice, feedback or inputs? • “We shall not cease from exploration • And the end of all our exploring • Will be to arrive where we started • And know the place for the first time”” • TS Eliot (1943)] • rica@mandalaconsulting.co.za