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What ACTUALLY happened at Versailles???

What ACTUALLY happened at Versailles???. Territory…. Her colonial Empire (divided up amongst the winners via the mandate system) Alsace and Lorraine (which had 75% of German Iron resources) was given to France

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What ACTUALLY happened at Versailles???

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  1. What ACTUALLY happened at Versailles???

  2. Territory… • Her colonial Empire (divided up amongst the winners via the mandate system) • Alsace and Lorraine (which had 75% of German Iron resources) was given to France • The Saar was handed over to the League for 15 years and France was allowed to mine it’s coal resources • West Prussia was givent to newly fromed Poland so that she could gain access to the sea (The ‘Polish Coridor’ city of Danzig or Dansk was assigned to be a new international free city) – Splits Germany in two

  3. Reparations • Actual sum of money was not fixed at Versailles. Instead, Germany was made to sign a ‘blank cheque’ and accept total war guilt (War Guilt slide is later) • Eventually, the cost was settled at £6,600 million, in 1921 figures!

  4. Army • Limited to 100,000 men • Conscription banned • Tanks, submarines and offensive weaponry and technology banned • Navy limited to 6 warships • Airforce completely dismantled • Rhineland permanently demilitarized

  5. League of Nations • Agreed upon at Versailles and seen primarily as a way to prevent international conflict and border disputes • Expanded into other areas as it developed (more on this and a full assessment of its structure and outcomes later)

  6. War guilt • Under article 231 of the ToV, Germany was held wholly responsible for the war. • “The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.”

  7. Reactions to War Guilt • French Field Marshal Foch: "This is not Peace. It is an Armistice for twenty years.” • He felt the restrictions placed upon Germany were too LENIENT! • German Foreign Minister Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff-Rantzau: “We know the full brunt of hate that confronts us here. You demand from us to confess we were the only guilty party of war; such a confession in my mouth would be a lie.” • In response to Lloyd-George and Clemenceau on the issue of the ‘War Guilt Clause’

  8. Later: Hitler • “Stab in the back” theory states that all member of the German political and military structure who signed the treaty of Versailles had effectively stabbed the german people in the back and signed her death. • German politicians who signed the Armistice on November 11th, 1918, would become known as the "November Criminals.” • History place article

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