Constitutional Disputes in the Age of Jackson

1. Constitutional Disputes in theAge of Jackson 1824-1840 http://www.history.com/topics/trail-of-tears/videos#jacksons-personality-and-legacy

2. Quick Review… • 1800-1808 Thomas Jefferson… • Louisiana Purchase, Lewis & Clark, Embargo of 1807 • 1808-1816 James Madison… • War Hawks, War of 1812, “Mr. Madison’s War” • 1816-1824 James Monroe… • Era of Good Feelings, Nationalism

3. S – Summarize (What do you see?) C – Contextualize (When is this being made?) I – Infer (Message?) M – Monitor (What does it lead us to question?) • Is this a positive or negative depiction of Jackson? How can you tell?

4. Election of 1824The “Corrupt Bargain”Jackson’s defeat Martin Van BurenElection of 1828 Four-way race, no majority(Jackson has the most popularand electoral votes) John Quincy Adams & the Election of 1824 Henry Clay gives his supportto Adams; Adams wins,makes Clay Sect. of State(Jackson = “corrupt bargain”) After losing, Jackson hiresVan Buren to run his campaign Jackson = down-to-earth, acommon man; Adams = elitistwins Election of 1828“Jacksonian Democracy”

5. Issue orConflict Jackson’s Problemwith the Issue Jackson’s Solutionto the Issue Final Outcome ofJackson’s Solution Spoils System (what is it?) Worcester v.Georgia (what is it?) Second Bankof the U.S. (what is it?) NullificationCrisis (what is it?)

6. Issue orConflict Jackson’s Opinionabout the Issue Jackson’s Solutionto the Issue Final Outcome ofJackson’s Solution Spoils System (what is it?) Awardingpolitical jobs tosupporters Jackson supportsthe spoils system Jackson was the firstpresident to use thespoils system(Election of 1828) Leads to corruption;people getting jobsare not necessarilyqualified

7. Issue orConflict Jackson’s Opinionabout the Issue Jackson’s Solutionto the Issue Final Outcome ofJackson’s Solution Worcester v.Georgia (what is it?) Supreme Courtruled that takingthe land fromthe Indianswas illegal Jackson IGNORESthe ruling Wants to removethe Indians from theland and give it toAmerican settlers IndianRemoval ActIndians will beforced to move offof the land Trail of Tears 16,000 Cherokeetravel along this route 4,000 die beforereaching theirdestination Video: http://www.history.com/topics/trail-of-tears/videos#jackson-cherokees-tariffs-and-nullification Discussion: If you were a member of Congress in 1830, would you have voted in favor of passing the Indian Removal Act? Why or why not?

8. Indian Removal Timeline & Primary Source from the Cherokee • Review the Timeline as a class & Highlight or underline key events • Answer the questions • Cherokee Primary Source • Questions

9. Issue orConflict Jackson’s Opinionabout the Issue Jackson’s Solutionto the Issue Final Outcome ofJackson’s Solution Second Bankof the U.S. (what is it?) Whig Partysupportsa nationalbank; theybelieve itwill promoteeconomicgrowth Jackson believes the nationalbank is corrupt &and will only benefit the wealthy Jackson vetoesevery bill for anational bank Wins re-electionin 1832,Jackson movesfederal money intostate banks(“pet banks”) Panic of 1837(Van Buren wasPresident) Greatly hurt theUS economy

10. Issue orConflict Jackson’s Opinionabout the Issue Jackson’s Solutionto the Issue Final Outcome ofJackson’s Solution NullificationCrisis (what is it?) John C. Calhoun& the Southwant tonullify (void)high tariffs b/cthey threatenedthe southerneconomy Jackson didNOT supportnullificationSC refused to paythe tariff &threatened toleave the Union The Force Bill (1833)gives Jackson powerto send troops toSC if they refuse topay the tax Congress loweredthe tariff & thecrisis is postponed Nullification = belief that states can void a federal law “Tariff of Abominations”

11. DISCUSSION ACTIVITY The Treasury Department is in the process of deciding whether or not to remove President Andrew Jackson from the Twenty Dollar bill and replace him with someone else. They are seeking the help of expert historians to determine whether Jackson deserves to stay on the bill or whether he should be removed. Why or why not does Jackson deserve this honor? Left Side – In Support of Jackson on the bill Right Side – Against Jackson on the bill 5 JUDGES

12. Support your argument Have at least 3 reasons/factors backing up your argument! How do you really feel? Should Jackson stay on the $20 bill?

13. Politics After President Jackson Election of 1836 President Martin Van Buren Panic of 1837Election of 1840(“Tippecanoe & Tyler Too”) Martin Van Buren (Jackson’s VicePresident) wins Election of 1836 Economy goes into a full-scaledepression William Henry Harrison (Whig)runs for President withJohn Tyler

14. Politics After President Jackson “Tippecanoe & Tyler Too” William Henry Harrison Shortest Presidency President John Tyler Harrison defeats Van Buren inElection of 1840 Three weeks after his inauguraladdress, Harrison dies frompneumonia John Tyler takesover, but rejectsall of thepolicies of theWhig Party(vetoednational bank)