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Wind Turbines. Drag-type turbines Persian windmill Chinese wind wheel Saviounus Lift-type turbines VAWT, Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Darrieus HAWT, Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine The Danish concept American multiblade Grumman windstream. Different types of wind turbines.
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Drag-type turbines Persian windmill Chinese wind wheel Saviounus Lift-type turbines VAWT, Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Darrieus HAWT, Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine The Danish concept American multiblade Grumman windstream Different types of wind turbines
Drag-type turbines Savonious The Persian windmill The Chinese wind wheel
Drag-type turbines Ref: www.ifb.uni-stuttgart.de/~doerner/edesignphil.html
The blades upwind the rotor Constant speed on the rotor Power output limitation Stall control Brakes Mechanical Aerodynamic Lift-type turbinesHAWT, The Danish Concept
Development of HAWT HEIGHT [M]
Wind power and energy A • Power output from wind turbines: • Energy production from wind turbines: C
Energy flux for wind turbines Where: P = Power [W] r = Density [kg/m3] c = Velocity [m/s] A = Area [m2] h = Efficiency [ - ] Recommended literature: Wind Turbine Technology, David A. Spera, ISBN no. 0-7918-1205-7
The world’s energy potential for land based wind turbines Estimated energy output in kWh/kW from a wind turbine that are dimensioned for 11 m/s
Installed wind power Source: www.gwec.net
Energy goal for 2010: 3 TWh Wind farms in operation: Number of wind farms: 13 Number of wind mills: 165 Installed power: ca. 320 MW Energy production: ca. 900 GWh Planned wind farms (License is given, but not built) Number of wind farms: 15 Number of wind mills: 439 Installed power: 1214 MW Energy production: 3866 GWh Planned wind farms (Applied for License) Number of wind farms: 36 Number of wind mills: 1444 Installed power: 4496 MW Wind Power in Norwayper 1st January 2006 Hitra
Norwegian wind farms in operation Ref. www.nve.no
Norwegian wind farmsLicense is given, but not built Ref. www.nve.no
Foundation Tower Nacelle Hub Turbine blades HAWTMain Components Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
Towers Lattice tower Tubular steel towers, Guyed Pole Tower Concrete tower
Tower designs Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
Nacelle and Yaw system Ref. www.windpower.org
Yaw system Ref. www.windpower.org
Nacelle Design Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
Nacelle Drive Trains Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
VESTAS V90 3 MW 108 TONS
Multibrid M5000 Power output: 5 MW Diameter: 116 m. Turbine speed: 5,9 -14,8 rpm Masses: Blade: 16.500 kg Hub: 60.100 kg Nacelle: 199.300 kg
Hydraulic transmission - 5 MW P = Hydraulic pump (Assumed weight 20 ton) M = Variable displacement motor 8 x A4VSO1000 G = Generator placed at the bottom of the wind turbine P G M
Hub design Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
Hub design Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
Blade Design Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
Design at different TSR Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
Energy Flux in the wind Where: P = Power [W] r = Density [kg/m3] c = Velocity [m/s]
Power output Wind Power Turbine Power
Aerodynamic brakes Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
Stall control Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
Turbine blade pitch system Ref. Wind Power Plants, R.Gasch, J.Twele
www.windpower.org/ www.ewea.org www.nve.no www.hydro.com/no/our_business/oil_energy/new_energy/wind/index.html www.statkraft.no/pub/vindkraft/index.asp www.gwec.net http://ec.europa.eu/research/energy/nn/nn_rt/nn_rt_wind/article_1101_en.htm Links
Wind Power Plants, Fundamentals, Design Construction and Operation R. gasch, J. Twele, ISBN no. 1-902916-38-7 Wind Turbine Technology David A. Spera, ISBN no. 0-7918-1205-7 Guidelines for design of Wind Turbines DNV, RISØ, ISBN no. 87-550-2870-5 Wind Energy Handbook T. Burton, D. Sharpe, N. Jenkins, E. Bossanyi, ISBN no. 0-471-48997-2 Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines Martin O. L. Hansen, ISBN no. 1-902916-06-9 Recommended literature