1 / 30

Understanding Plant Anatomy: Roots, Stems, Leaves, and Flowers

Explore the essential parts of plants, from roots that absorb minerals to flowers that produce seeds. Learn about different types of roots, specialized stems, and the principal tissues of leaves while discovering the key components of flowers.

valeriedawson
Download Presentation

Understanding Plant Anatomy: Roots, Stems, Leaves, and Flowers

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Basic Parts of the Plant • Roots • Stems • Leaves • Flower

  2. Roots • 1. Anchor Plant • 2. Absorb water and minerals • 3. Translocate water and minerals to stem • 4. Store Food

  3. Stems • 1. Translocate water, minerals and food to the leaves • 2. Support the leaves and display them to light • 3. Store Food

  4. Leaves • 1. Make food through photosynthesis • 2. Provide site of gas exchange • 3. Store food

  5. Flowers • 1. Contain organs for specialized sexual production • 2. Produce seeds and fruit

  6. Different type of Roots • A. Tap Root • Continuation of the primary root • Ideal for anchorage • Penetration is greater for water • Storage area for food made by photosynthesis

  7. Different type of Roots • B. Fibrous Roots • Many finely branched secondary roots • Shallow roots cover a large area • More effective absorption of water and minerals • Roots hold the soil to prevent erosion

  8. Different type of Roots • C. Aerial roots • Clinging air roots • Short roots that grow horizontally from the stems • Roots that fasten the plant to a support • Absorptive air roots

  9. Different type of Roots • Adventitious Roots • Develop in places other than nodes • Can form on cuttings and rhizomes

  10. Roots • Root hairs: • Tiny one celled hair like extensions of the epidermal cells located near the tips of the roots where vascular tissues have formed. • Increase surface area • Absorb water and minerals from soil

  11. Specialized Stems • A. Corm (gladiolus, crocus) • underground • Solid, fleshy, scale covered

  12. Specialized Stems • B. Bulb (tulips, lillies, onions) • Layers of fleshy scales that overlap each other • Underground stem

  13. Specialized Stems • C. Tuber (potato, caladium) • Food storage area • Short, thick underground stem

  14. Specialized Stems • D. Crown (African Violets, fern) • Closely grouped stems or plantlets • Just above ground or just below

  15. Specialized Stems • E. Spurs (pear and apple trees) • Short sems found on woody plant limbs adapted for increased production of fruits

  16. Specialized Stems • F. Rhizomes (iris, lily of the valley) • Underground stems that produce roots on the lower surface and extend leaves and flower shoots above the ground

  17. Specialized Stems • G. Stolon (Strawberry, airplane plant) • Stem that grows horizontally above the soil surface

  18. Principal Tissues of the Leaf • Epidermis • Cuticle • Waxy substance covers the leaves and stems • Waterproof layer that keeps water in plants

  19. Principal Tissues of the Leaf • Epidermis (cont) • Stomata • Openings in the epidermis mainly located on underside of leaves • Exchange of gases

  20. Principal Tissues of the Leaf • Epidermis (cont) • Guard Cells • Two cells located on each side of stomata • Open and closes stomata

  21. Principal Tissues of the Leaf • Mesophyll layer • Palisade mesophyll • Primary site of photosynthesis • Spongy mesophyll • Contains air and chloroplasts • Site of photosynthesis and gas exchange

  22. Principal Tissues of the Leaf • Veins or vascular bundles • In spongy mesophyll • Phloem tissues conduct food from photosynthesis to rest of plant • Xylem tissues conduct water and minerals up to cells in leaves and stems

  23. Parts of the Flower • Sepals • Outer covering of the flower bud • Protects the stamens and pistills when flower is in bud stage

  24. Parts of the Flower • Petals • Brightly colored • Protects stamen and pistills • Attracts pollinating insects

  25. Parts of the Flower • Stamens • Male Reproductive part • Anther-produces pollen • Filament-supports the anther

  26. Parts of the Flower • Pistil • Female reproductive part • Ovary • Enlarged portion at base of pistill • Produces ovules which develop into seeds • Stigma • Holds the pollen grains

  27. Parts of the Flower • Style • Connects the stigma with ovary • Supports the stigma so that it can be pollinated

  28. Complete and Incomplete Flowers • Complete: have all four main parts • Sepals • Petals • Stamens • Pistils

More Related