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Whales, Whales, Whales – Part II

Whales, Whales, Whales – Part II. November 30, 2018. Mysticeti – No teeth Two blow holes Baleen – made of keratin (like our hair and nails) Includes the largest whales. Baleen whales fall into one of three groups, depending on feeding technique (Nemoto, 1969).

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Whales, Whales, Whales – Part II

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  1. Whales, Whales, Whales – Part II November 30, 2018

  2. Mysticeti – • No teeth • Two blow holes • Baleen – made of keratin (like our hair and nails) • Includes the largest whales

  3. Baleen whales fall into one of three groups, depending on feeding technique (Nemoto, 1969). • Gulpers or Swallowers • 2. Skimmers • 2b.  Swallowers and skimmers • 3. Benthic (bottom) feeders

  4. “Skimmers” swim very slowly with their mouths open, “filtering constantly until enough food has accumulated on the baleen to be scraped off and swallowed.” This category includes right whales, bowheads, & sei whales. “Gulpers” blue whales, fin whales, Bryde’s whales, minkes, humpbacks, and infrequently, sei whales - swim a bit faster and must feed more intensely to satisfy their food requirements. A meal consists of a series of separate mouthfuls; each time the animal takes in a huge amount of water along with the plankton or fish, then forcefully expels the water through the baleen. SKIMMERS AND GULPERS Benthic Vacuum  Vacuum up sediment…eating things Inside…example – grey whale.

  5. Sei Whale Skimming…. Sei Whale Balaenoptera borealis Diet: Primarily copepods and euphausids. Skim through schools of crustaceans, often leaving trail of bubbles just prior to surfacing. Adults to 18 m 30 tons Females slightly larger than males At birth approx 4.5 m

  6. http://cetus.ucsd.edu/voicesinthesea_org/species/baleenWhales/northAtlanticRight.htmlhttp://cetus.ucsd.edu/voicesinthesea_org/species/baleenWhales/northAtlanticRight.html Right Whale Adults 13-18 m 60 tons Females larger than males Diet: zooplankton, primarily copepods. Feed by skimming through dense Concentrations of prey with mouth open.

  7. Right Whales and Sound

  8. large scaly gray-white patches on their skin, whose patterns are unique from animal to animal. • colonies of crustaceans known as whale lice which can exist in the tens of thousands upon each whale. • The parasitic creatures subsist on algae and dead skin, and while they are irritants, they do not cause significant harm to the whale.

  9. Diet: Zooplankton, primarily krill (euphausids). May consume an estimated 4 tons per day during peak summer feeding periods Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus

  10. Adults to 23-27 m 125 tons Females slightly larger than males At birth approx 7 m Record N. Atlantic length 28 m Earth’s largest animal ever.

  11. Blue Whales

  12. https://dosits.org/galleries/audio-gallery/marine-mammals/baleen-whales/fin-whale/https://dosits.org/galleries/audio-gallery/marine-mammals/baleen-whales/fin-whale/ Fin Whale Diet: Variety of small schooling fish (herring, capelin, sand lance), squid and planktonic crustaceans. Gulp large swarms often by swimming on their right side. Adults 17-24 m ~ 70 tons At birth approx 6.5 m, 2 tons

  13. This sequence illustrates the six-second feeding lunge of a fin whale, which can carry the whale some 35 feet and collect as much as 25 pounds of shrimp-like krill. The volume of water the fin whale engulfs is about the size of a school bus. (Jeremy A. Goldbogen & Nicholas D. Pyenson graphic)

  14. Gray Whale Eschrichtius robustus • 16 meters (52 ft) • weight of 36 tonnes  lives 50–60 years

  15. Eastern North Pacific Population ~20,000-22,000 Western N. Pacific – ranked as endangered, only ~100 (hunted to extinction in the N. Atlantic in the 18th Century

  16. South bound – Mid-November to Mid-February Northbound – Mid-February to mid-May ~12,000 mile long, roundtrip, journey - Distance of 120 km (75 mi) per day at an average speed of 8 km/h (5 mph).

  17. Devil Fish • Believed to be the longest migration • of any known mammal.

  18. Happiest face ever

  19. The Humpback Whale Adults range in length from 12–16 m (39–52 ft) weigh approximately 36,000 kilograms (79,000 lb)

  20. Humpbacks – bubble net feeding

  21. Humpback new feeding mechanism – skimming right above the bottom

  22. Mysticeti have teeth. • True • False

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