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CHAPTER 18: Amines & Neurotransmitters General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry

CHAPTER 18: Amines & Neurotransmitters General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith. CHAPTER 18 Amines & Neurotransmitters. Learning Objectives: Identify amines and describe bonding & structure ( 1°, 2°, 3°) Nomenclature for amines Amine hydrogen bonding

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CHAPTER 18: Amines & Neurotransmitters General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry

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  1. CHAPTER 18: Amines & Neurotransmitters General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice GorzynskiSmith Smith, Janice Gorzynski. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry 2nd Ed.

  2. CHAPTER 18 Amines & Neurotransmitters • Learning Objectives: • Identify amines and describe bonding & structure • (1°, 2°, 3°) • Nomenclature for amines • Amine hydrogen bonding • Alkaloids & Nitrogen heterocycles • Acid-base chemistry of amines • Neurotransmitter amines • Amines and common drugs • CH 18 Homework: • End of Chapter problems: 30, 32, 38, 40, 44, 52, 54, 58, 60, 66, 72, 76, 80, 82, 84 Smith, Janice Gorzynski. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry 2nd Ed.

  3. Example Amines Cocaine

  4. Structure Amines

  5. Structure Amines

  6. Nomenclature Amines 3 1 2 4 N + + prefix parent suffix prefix Give location and type of substituents. Indicate naming the amine R groups with “N” How many carbons in longest chain? Amine @ C1 parent What is the functional group? How many? Amine = “amine” suffix N,N-dimethyl butan amine * Note: when we have more then 1 functional group the parent name has an “a” added on: hexa instead of hex Smith. General Organic & Biolocial Chemistry 2nd Ed.

  7. Nomenclature Amines

  8. Reactivity Amines

  9. Reactivity Amines

  10. Reactivity Amines

  11. Reactivity Amines

  12. Biochemistry Neurotransmitters • A neurotransmitteris a chemical messenger that • transmits nerve impulses from one neuron to • another. • The space between the two neurons is called a • synapse. • The presynaptic neuron releases the neuro- • transmitter. • The postsynaptic neuron contains the receptors • that bind the neurotransmitter.

  13. Biochemistry Neurotransmitters • Once the neurotransmitter is bound to the • receptor, the chemical message is delivered. • The transmitter is then degradedor returned to • the presynaptic neuron to begin the process again. • Some drugs are used to prevent the release of • a neurotransmitter or to blockits binding to a • receptor. • Other drugs increase the amount of neuro- • transmitter released.

  14. Biochemistry Neurotransmitters

  15. Biochemistry Neurotransmitters Serotonin is important in mood, sleep, perception, and temperature regulation. Dopamineaffects the brain processes that control movement, emotions, and pleasure When norepinephrinelevels increase, a person feels elated, and then manicif levels go too high. Acetylcholineis a quaternary ammonium ion that serves as a neurotransmitter between neurons and muscle cells

  16. Biochemistry Neurotransmitters

  17. Biochemistry Neurotransmitters

  18. Biochemistry 2-phenylethylamine

  19. Biochemistry 2-phenylethylamine

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