RAPID Fund By: Shahid Mahmood, Program Manager-RAPID Fund

PAKISTAN Country Context

Pakistan Administrative Structure Pakistan consists of Four provinces (Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab & Sindh), One Federal Capital Territory (Islamabad), Two autonomous and disputed territories (GilgitBaltistan and Azad Jammu & Kashmir) Seven Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) Each Province is sub-divided in to districts; District into Tehsils/ Towns, Tehsil/ Town into Union Councils Pakistan has strategic location; sharing its border with China, Afghanistan, Iran, and India RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Country Context Disasters in Pakistan Major Factors Geo-Physical Factors Heterogeneous physical features; (Mountains, plains, deserts, plateaus, coastal belt) Seismic belt; tectonic movements, leading to earthquakes and tsunamis; 8th out of 197 countries with highest exposure to natural hazards Hydro-Climatic Factors Climatic changes; Continuous dry conditions leading to prolonged droughts, Unexpected heavy rains, and excessive snowfalls, floods, landslides, and avalanches Politico-Religious Factors Insecurity and political instability; Conflict induced displacement Religious diversity and fundamentalism; RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Country Context Disasters in Pakistan Major Factors (Continued) Socio-Economic Factors Uneven population density; Unplanned development in hazard prone areas; Poor construction practices, Poor communication infrastructure. High poverty; high rate of illiteracy & lack of awareness regarding disaster preparedness and DRR measures; 146th out of 186 countries on 2013 HDI; 22% of population lives on less than US$1.25 per day Institutional infancy Disaster Management Structure established after 2005 Lack of Early warning systems; Lack of preparedness and Planning; Limited institutional and organizational capacity for disaster management RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Pakistan Hazard-prone Areas Northern Pakistan and AJ&K are vulnerable to earthquakes, avalanches, landslides, floods, and drought, etc. The arid, semi-arid and plain areas are exposed to floods, flash floods, drought, pest attacks, and river erosion, etc. FATA/ KP is exposed to militancy / complex emergency The coastal areas of Pakistan are exposed to cyclones, storm surges, and hydrological drought, and floods as well. RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Pakistan Natural Disasters Some Examples 1974 Hunza earthquake (6.2 Richter scale) killed & injured, 17,000; overall affected 97,000 2005 Quake (October 8, 2005, a 7.6 Richter scale) 73,000 people killed 2010 Floods country-wide affected the whole of Pakistan; killed around 2,000 people and affected over 20 million Flood 2011/12/13 affected millions of people 1950 floods An estimated 2,900 people were killed and over 100,000 homes destroyed 2000 drought affected 1.2 million people in Balochistan; over 100 died, mostly because of dehydration 1945 Balochistan tsunami killed 4,000 people. 1935 Quetta earthquake; 60,000 people were killed 2007 Cyclone Yemyin killed 730 people as a result of flash floods in coastal areas of Sindh and Balochistan. Some 350,000 people displaced, 1.5 million affected RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Flood 2010 An aerial view RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Flood 2010 Human Displacement RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Flood 2010 Children & Women suffered RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Flood 2011 People displaced to road side in Sindh RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Flood 2013 Balochistan RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Flood 2013 Rajanpure-Punjab RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Earthquake 2005 Balakot, KP RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Country Context Disasters in Pakistan (Cont.) Complex Emergency Pakistan is exposed to internal conflicts since 2001. There is significant Displacement & Returnin KP/ FATA as a result of government operations against non-state armed groups. Since 2009, over two million people have returned to their hometowns (MalakandDiv, Mohamand, Bajour, SWA, & parts of Khyber Ag) 1.1 million people are still displaced in safer areas of KP/ FATA Influx/Returns of IDPs have resulted in humanitarian crises which are beyond the capacity of the government to manage on its own. Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) are special areas under the administrative control of Federal Government; consisting of 7 Agencies RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Country Context Disasters in Pakistan (Cont.) Complex Emergency RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Displacement from Malakand Division (Swat) 2008-9 RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Houses burnt Khyber Agency RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Houses damaged due to shelling Khyber Agency RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Girls School Blown away by militants Buner District, KP RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Govt Building Blown away by militants Buner District, KP RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

RAPID Fund The Response RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Concern Worldwide & OFDA Emergency Response in Pakistan OFDA mandate: to save lives, alleviate human suffering, and reduce the social and economic impact of disasters worldwide in partnership with USAID functional and regional bureaus and other U.S. Government agencies OFDA experts worldwide and in D.C. help countries prepare for, respond to, and recover from humanitarian crises. OFDA works with the international humanitarian community to give vulnerable populations resources to build resilience and strengthen their own ability to respond to emergencies. Concernis operational in Pakistan since 2001; to deal with the influx of Afghan refugees Since then Concern has responded to several large scale emergencies: the massive recurrent flooding in 2010/11/12/13 the 2009 Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) crisis the 2007 cyclone Yemyin the catastrophic 2005 earthquake Long term development programming in 3 out of 4 provinces of Pakistan Well reputed in Pakistan as a leading agency in Emergency Response, Livelihoods and DRR/CBDRM RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

RAPID FundIntroduction RAPID Fund (Phase 1 & 2) OFDA-funded – throughout Pakistan Phase 1 Budget (2009-13): $ 29million Phase 2 Budget (2013-15): $ 8 million Project Goal: To address the urgent relief and early recovery needs of disaster-affected populations in Pakistan through the establishment of a funding mechanism for the award of sub-grants to local and international NGOs. Key sectors: Agriculture and Food Security; Economic Recovery; Health; Logistics Support and Relief Commodities; Protection; Shelter; WASH Project ranges from US$5,000 (min) to US$ 300,000 (max) Geographical areas decided on the basis of needs declared by UNOCHA/ NDMA RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

RAPID Fund How the mechanism works? RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

RF Mechanism At the onset of disaster At the onset of disaster or complex emergency situations RF team collect secondary information from UN agencies, humanitarian organizations & government departments about the population affected, scale of damages and needs Defining geographic areas for intervention on the basis of notification of NDMA/ PDMAs/ FDMA outlining the extent of damages Defining sectors for intervention in consultation with Concern and OFDA (Isb) on the basis of UN & Government reports Launching call for proposal; open until the availability of fund and needs in affected areas After launching call for proposal; RF arranges sessions on proposal writing and need assessment for local organizations by province RF asks applicants to conduct its own need assessment focusing on proposed geographic area and needs in humanitarian & cultural context RF asks applicants to validate needs & intervention from relevant cluster or authority before submitting proposal to RF RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

RF MechanismWho can apply? NGOs (Local/ National/ International) Registered and legally permitted in Pakistan Having presence in the target geographical area(s) and experience in proposed sector(s) Documents required; visit Separate need assessment report Narrative Proposal appropriately addressed Registrations certificate (Local/ National organizations) & MOU with EAD (INGO) Cost Estimates/ Budget Latest Audit report Organogram Submit the application via email to: rapid.applications@concern.net RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Grants Management Flow Chart The approval of a proposal takes, on an average, total 10 working days RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Grants Implementation Flow Chart A project is implemented in three months. In some cases NCE & in rare cases CE is awarded if the project is behind its due date due to multiple reasons as outlined in CHALLENGES section RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Factors contributing to desired results We work through partners; Our partnership is unique as partners independently identify needs, developed proposal & establish linkages with community. We builds their capacity in conducting need assessment, proposal writing and budget preparation We closely coordinate with clusters for need verification & activities design We realign activities, technical designs, implementation mechanism and cost estimates of potential applicants before submitting to OFDA We help partners in developing communication strategy & security management plan We ensure DRR, protection, vulnerability & gender at the design stage We build capacities of successful partners in M&E, implementation & reporting RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Factors contributing to desired results (Continued) We support them in baseline/ Pre KAP study; finalization of tools and study design We review baseline, weekly / final progress reports & provide feedback to the partners; we finalize all reports in consultation & coordination with partners. We ensure quality/ quantity of deliverables through support visits , beneficiaries’ involvement, community participation We have well-defined MIS in place for data analysis and reporting We measure output/ outcome through involving partners, beneficiaries, stakeholders, and community in large We conduct impact assessment jointly & document lesson learnt during intervention We timely disburse all financial tranches RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

RAPID Fund The Impact RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Project Funded by Response RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Proposals received vs. Approved by Sectors RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

People Benefited by Response(in Million) Impact Sustainable & disaster resilient structure (Shelter/ WASH/ ERMS/ Agriculture); DRR awareness in collaboration with mainstream CBDRM program Village level organizations; awareness and empowerment in livelihood. Capacity building of local organizations in project designing, & implementation; Broadening vision of other stakeholders; cluster, NDMA, PDMAs/ FDMAs in responding to disasters & developing linkages with humanitarian organizations RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Targets achieved by Response

Budget Spent USD 25 million RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Emergency/ Transitional Shelter-Sindh (External view) RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok Shelters are constructed according to SPHERE Standard

Emergency/ Transitional Shelter-Sindh (Internal view) RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Emergency/ Transitional Shelter-Sindh RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok Protection is ensured through disaster resilient structure

Emergency/ Transitional Shelter-Rajanpur, Punjab RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok DRR measures are ensured in all Shelters like raised platform & plastering

ERMSRehabilitation of suspension bridge in Shangla Flood 2010 has damaged bridges in northern Pakistan; RF rehabilitated it ensuring communication and movement of communities across the rive RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

ERMSRehabilitation of irrigation channel in Shangla Agriculture is the backbone of Pakistan’s economy; Flood 2010 washed away irrigation channels; RF rehabilitated these channels through cash for work ensuring water supply to agriculture land and injecting money in the local economy through CFW RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

ERMS Cash for WorkRehabilitation of foot track in Sindh These affected people are engaged in rehabilitating pathway and earning for their livelihood through CFW in RF project RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

ERMS Female beneficiaries gather at a distribution point for cash assistance-Sindh RF supports affected people through conditional grants in order to rehabilitate their livelihood RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

WASH hygiene session for school children-Sindh Hygienic practices remained a challenge after consecutive floods that contributed to the spread of disease; realizing this needs, RF through partners arranged hygiene sessions for the awareness of adult and children RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

WASH hygiene session for school children-Sindh RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

WASH Makhazai Lower Kurram Agency, FATA, Due to continuous militancy and counter militancy in FATA most of the water sources were destroyed; when displaced people returned back, they faced difficulty for drinking water, RF rehabilitated destroyed wells and installed hand pumps, the people has easy access to clean water RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Health Free Medical Camp Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab, Outbreak of communicable diseases in the aftermath of flood was a huge risk; RF through static and mobile health clinics, provided primary heath care facilities to the affected population RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Health Health & Hygiene Session for IDPs of Khyber Agency residing in Peshawar Health sessions arranged for the IDPs of FATA helped women to improve their hygienic practices that contributed to the reduction of communicable disease. RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Non Food Items JaccobabadDistrict, Province Sind In the acute emergency/ disaster situation, affected people needs immediate support in the shape of NFIs in order to ensure their immediate protection. RF focuses in the distribution of NFI/ Kitchen set. RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Agriculture Certified Wheat Seed Muzafargarh-Punjab Wheat is the staple food of the affected population, during early recovery phase, RF distributed certified wheat seed to help affected people to restore their livelihood and ensure food security RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Agriculture Certified Rice Seed Jaffarabad, Balochistan RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Challenges Cultural constraints (women involvement) Religious barriers (NGOs acceptability) Geographic accessibility (Road Infrastructure) Political Instability (Militancy) Security situations (Kidnaping, looting, robbery etc. Bureaucratic Hurdles (NOC issuance) Capacity of local partners Short duration of projects and major requirements (procurement/ reporting etc.) RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

Questions Thanks RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

RAPID Fund By: Shahid Mahmood, Program Manager-RAPID Fund