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Nawshad Haque

IMPROVING DRYING OF WOOD HARVESTED IN 2040. Nawshad Haque. Email: Nawshad.Haque@ensisjv.com Personal webpage: http://www.geocities.com/nhaque.geo. Outline. Why & how drying wood? Why drying model? How to simulate & optimise? Some results. Why drying wood important?.

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Nawshad Haque

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  1. IMPROVING DRYING OF WOOD HARVESTED IN 2040 Nawshad Haque Email: Nawshad.Haque@ensisjv.com Personal webpage: http://www.geocities.com/nhaque.geo

  2. Outline • Why & how drying wood? • Why drying model? • How to simulate & optimise? • Some results

  3. Why drying wood important? • Reduce movement & decay in service • Better properties • Less cost to transport • Meet drying & export standard • Energy hungry process

  4. Air-drying site

  5. Solar kiln designs

  6. Solar kiln designs Solar kiln at Boral Timber’s Herons Creek site, NSW, AUSTRALIA Recent design of solar kiln by Solar Dryers Australia, Bellingen, NSW

  7. Industrial kilns • Manipulate temperature, humidity & airflow

  8. HT drying Radiata • 40 mm board, 8 m/s, 2 h, 2.4 m wide stack

  9. Dry product • Structural • Appearance/furniture

  10. Typical drying example: Hardwood

  11. Optimise drying • Drying Time = f (DB, WB, Vel, Thick) • $/m3 cost = f (DT, $Kiln, $Operation) • Quality = f (drying stress, uniform final MC) • Find minimum $/m3 for a given set of conditions with acceptable quality

  12. Optimised schedule

  13. Procedure (Radiata) • Harvesting age: 30 years • Log diameter: 65 cm • Board: 100mm x 50mm • Board initial MC: 162% • Final target MC: 6% • High Temp: 120/70°C, at 7 m/s

  14. Procedure (Radiata..) • Tree age: 26, 35 years • Sap EW MC: 180 to 200% • LW Density: 520 to 420 kg/m3 • Permeability increase or decrease: ×10 to base case; • Shrinkage: ±10%, high & low

  15. Some results (MC)

  16. Effect of permeability

  17. Effect of shrinkage

  18. 2D Single-board model • 100x50 mm board, ring number- 18 & 24, sap early & late wood • High Temp 140/90°C, at 8 m/s

  19. Procedure (Blackbutt) • Eucalyptus pilularis • Board thickness: 43 mm • Initial MC: 44%; Final MC: 18% • Basecase reference diffusion coefficient: 1.145×10-5 m2/s; • Solar kiln sched (max<50°C) • Case 1 diffusion: +30%

  20. Effect of diffusion (Euc)

  21. Effect of diffusion (Euc)

  22. Conclusions • Effect of parameters assessed: • Age, sapwood initial MC, density - small • Permeability - high impact • Shrinkage & Diffusion coefficient - significant below FSP

  23. Future challenges • Validated models for Hardwood & Softwood • Reliable objective function necessary • Find optimum process for particular wood type (including variability)

  24. Application • Benchmarking • What-if scenario analysis for future wood resources • Sensitivity analysis for expensive or cheap: • Kiln • Energy • Operation costs

  25. CDK Hardware simulation

  26. CSIRO Continuous Dryer Green timber Dry timber Courtesy: Richard Northway

  27. Future tech • Superheated steam drying • Continuous Drying Kiln • In-kiln MC sensor development (MKS), integrated compact systems • Energy & emission • Solar drying, vacuum drying for some species • Microwave based drying systems

  28. DRYSPEC

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