BELIEF IN THE AAKHIRAH

1. BELIEF IN THE AAKHIRAH BY: Dr. Muhammad Hamid Ullah DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES RIPHAH INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD

2. In the Name of God,The Merciful, the Compassionate

3. Articles of Faith in Islam Existence and Unity of God Prophets Angels Scriptures The Hereafter Divine Decree and luck

4. MATERIALISTIC POINT OF VIEW ABOUT QIAMAH According to the views of a group, life is confined to this mortal world, that there Is no life beyond death, intelligence and the senses all perish with the body. The Quran has described their views in the following verse. Verily, these (Quraish) people are saying:  "There is nothing but our first death, and we shall not be resurrect.

5. SURAH AL-JATHIA:24 Islam says that these statements were made only on the basis of sense perception, Because the hereafter is beyond their senses they rejected the concept of an after life. However simple sense perception is not evidence enough. The question of life after death is not the concern of logic or metaphysics but concerns Our practical life. a person whose conception of life is limited to this mortal world will Have a totally different approach to life. the behavior of a person having belief in a life After death will be different.

6. PHILOSOPHY OF REINCARNATION (TRANSMIGRATION OF SOULS) Some people believe that death does not mean complete destruction, but a Change of bodies. a soul keeps traveling from one body to another. each Succeeding body is allotted on the basis of the souls behavior in the previous Body. Good deeds-------------------------------will be consigned to a more sublime body Bad deeds--------------------------------will be consigned to the body of a lowly creature CRITICISM ON THIS PHILOSOPHY • First of all in the theory of transmigration of souls, a beginning and an end cannot be • determine .to be born a man it is necessary to be born an animal in a previous existence • And for animals or plants to exist it is necessary for them to be first created as human • Beings.

7. Evil and Virtue are the characteristics of those actions that are enacted consciously. a human being may have powers of decision and can be recompensed accordingly, but the acts of plants and animals cannot be described as either good or bad in intent, how then does it follow that they are being rewarded or punished for following the dictates of the nature instill ed in them. Belief in transmigration inculcates lowering fortitude and stunts spiritual growth.

8. ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF AAKHIRAH • One day Almighty Allah will destroy the whole world along with its inhabitants. • He will grant another life to mankind who will then be presented to Allah. • All humanity will have to provide an account of all his deeds ,good or evil before the • judgment of Allah. • Almighty Allah will weigh the good & evil deeds of every man. if a person’s good deeds • Outweigh his evil deeds he will be rewarded and where evil deeds outweigh the good • he shall face punishment.

9. This land is a maneuvering ground, an exhibition of the King’s wonderful royal arts, a temporary hospice. A caravan arrives daily as another one departs and vanishes. It’s constantly filled and emptied. Soon the land will be changed. Its people will be transported to another, and eternal land where they will be rewarded or punished for their service.

10. Need for Day of Judgment Result Infitar 13-14 Record Keeping Infitar: 10-12 Need of Justice Su’ad;38/ 28;HM Sajada 18-20 Testing Ground Mulk 79/1-2; Kahf 7-8; Qiyamah 36 Creation with Objectives Dukhan 38-40 Feb-26 10

11. وَمَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا لَاعِبِينَ (38) مَا خَلَقْنَاهُمَا إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ (39) إِنَّ يَوْمَ الْفَصْلِ مِيقَاتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ (Dukhan 38-40) Creation with Objectives Dukhan 38-40 38.  And We created not the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them, for mere play, 39.  We created them not except with truth (i.e. to examine and test those who are obedient and those who are disobedient and then reward the obedient ones and punish the disobedient ones), but most of them know not. 40.  Verily, the Day of Judgment (when Allah will judge between the creatures) is the time appointed for all of them,

12. تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ الْمُلْكُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ (1) الَّذِي خَلَقَ الْمَوْتَ وَالْحَيَاةَ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفُورُ (Mulk 1-2) Testing Ground Mulk 79/1-2; Kahf 7-8; Qiyamah 36 1.    Blessed is He in Whose Hand is the dominion, and He is Able to do all things. 2.    Who has created death and life, that He may test you which of you is best in deed. And He is the All-Mighty, the Oft-Forgiving .

13. أَمْ نَجْعَلُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ كَالْمُفْسِدِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَمْ نَجْعَلُ الْمُتَّقِينَ كَالْفُجَّارِ (Su’ad 28) Need of Justice Su’ad;38/ 28;HM Sajada 18-20 28.  Shall We treat those who believe (in the Oneness of Allah Islamic Monotheism) and do righteous good deeds, as Mufsidûn (those who associate partners in worship with Allah and commit crimes) on earth? Or shall We treat the Muttaqûn (pious - see V.2:2), as the Fujjâr (criminals, disbelievers, wicked, etc)?

14. وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ لَحَافِظِينَ (10) كِرَامًا كَاتِبِينَ (11) يَعْلَمُونَ مَا تَفْعَلُونَ (Infitar 10-12) Record Keeping Infitar: 10-12 10.  But verily, over you (are appointed angels in charge of mankind) to watch you, 11.  Kirâman (honorable) Kâtibîn writing down (your deeds), 12.  They know all that you do.

15. إِنَّ الْأَبْرَارَ لَفِي نَعِيمٍ {13} وَإِنَّالْفُجَّارَلَفِيجَحِيمٍ(Infitar: 13-14) Infitar 13-14 Result 13.  Verily, the Abrâr (pious and righteous) will be in delight (Paradise); 14.  And verily, the Fujjâr (the wicked, disbelievers, sinners and evil-doers) will be in the blazing Fire (Hell),

16. THE QURANIC ARGUMENT

17. Do they not look in the dominion of the heavens and the earth and all things that Allâh has created,

18. Are you more difficult to create, or is the heaven that He constructed?

20. O mankind! If you are in doubt about the Resurrection, then verily! We have created you (i.e. Adam) from dust,

21. And He it is Who originates the creation, then will repeat it (after it has been perished), and this is easier for Him.

22. EFFECTS ON HUMAN LIFE

23. A person who believes in resurrection and the hereafter is inculcated with a sense of Responsibility & accountability believes all his actions to be accountable he leaves the Path of tyranny and becomes Allah-fearing such a person by believing in the last Judgment makes him self-responsible and feels he is answerable for his deeds.

24. This faith enables us to bear trials and tribulations with patience & forbearance so that Man emerges from such trials burnished like gold emerging from the furnace. (they are those who) receive His Mercy, and it is they who are the guided-ones.

25. Belief in the hereafter inculcates courage and fearlessness in men, so that they Fear none but Allah. But those who knew with certainty that they were to meet their Lord, said: "How often a small group overcame a mighty host by Allâh's Leave?"

26. This faith has been a solace in the sorest miseries suffered by men, has taught them to Be upright and thus opened the paths of human progress.

27. Belief in the hereafter has saved people from being careless of chastisement and Has also prevented the Allah fearing from envying the evil doers. in fact it is this Belief which prevents man from descending to the level of an animal.

28. TRANSLATION Let not the free disposal (and affluence) of the disbelievers throughout the land deceive you. A brief enjoyment; then, their ultimate abode is Hell; and worst indeed is that place for rest. But, for those who fear their Lord, are Gardens under which rivers flow (in Paradise); therein are they to dwell (for ever), an entertainment from Allah;  and that which is with Allah is the Best for Al­Abrâr (those who are obedient to Allah and follow strictly His Orders).

29. Jazaak’AllahuKhair