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Postwar Uncertainty (Ch. 15, Sec. 1). New Scientific Theories Challenge Old Beliefs. World War I caused many to question religious faith (fear of uncertain future) Writer T.S. Eliot described the postwar world as lacking hope and faith
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New Scientific Theories Challenge Old Beliefs • World War I caused many to question religious faith (fear of uncertain future) • Writer T.S. Eliot described the postwar world as lacking hope and faith • Einstein’s Theory of Relativity (space and time not constant) challenged Newton’s absolute laws of motion & gravity • Freud’s theory of unconscious, irrational behavior attacked the idea of reason/choice
New Ideas/Styles in Philosophy, Art, and Music • Sartre and Nietzsche believed in existentialism (meaning through choice & action) • Cubism transformed natural shapes into geometric shapes (Picasso) • Artists rebelled against realism and turned to surrealism (above or beyond reality) • Jazz , which originated in the US, gained popularity across the US and Europe
Changes in Women’s Lives/Roles • Women gained right to vote in most democratic nations • Women wore less restrictive clothing (no more corsets) • They continued to work outside the home in careers (still responsible for family) • Cut their hair short (bobbed) and began to wear makeup • Drove cars, and drank & smoked in public
New Technologies in Transportation and Entertainment • Automobiles became a part of everyday life (commute to work, vacation, travel) • People began to travel by airplane (passenger airlines catered to the rich) • Radio became an important form of family entertainment (news, sports, weekly shows) • Movies (first silent, then with sound) became another popular form of entertainment