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Erik Joling Microscale chemistry in the Netherlands

Erik Joling Microscale chemistry in the Netherlands. U NIVERSITEIT VAN A MSTERDAM Faculty of Science. Four points of view. Industry and government (I) Teachers in secondary education (T) University (U) Pupils (P). Where are the Netherlands?. What are the Netherlands?.

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Erik Joling Microscale chemistry in the Netherlands

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  1. Erik JolingMicroscale chemistryin the Netherlands UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM Faculty of Science

  2. Four points of view • Industry and government (I) • Teachers in secondary education (T) • University (U) • Pupils (P) MicroQuim 2000

  3. Where are the Netherlands? MicroQuim 2000

  4. What are the Netherlands? • A small country between England (overseas), Germany and Belgium • 9220 km (5730 miles) from Mexico City • 15,750,000 people • World’s largest port: Rotterdam • Home of Shell, Akzo-Nobel, Unilever, DSM MicroQuim 2000

  5. What is produced in the Netherlands? • Windmills (a few) • Wooden shoes (some more) • Flowers (lots) • Peanut butter (World’s #2) • Chemicals (tons) MicroQuim 2000

  6. Chemical industry (I) • Largest branch of industry • 60% bulk / 40% fine • 15% of industrial production • 20% of industrial export • 10% of employment MicroQuim 2000

  7. Chemical industry (I) • Twice as much academics as in other branches • Achilles heel: number of chemists educated MicroQuim 2000

  8. Interest in chemistryFinal exams 1999 (I) MicroQuim 2000

  9. Interest in chemistryFinal exams 1999 (I) MicroQuim 2000

  10. Interest in chemistryFirst-year students in 1999 (I) • University 537 (≈2%) • Higher Laboratory Education 472 • Higher Vocational Education 214 MicroQuim 2000

  11. Consequences for secondary chemistry education (I) • Chemical industry and government are willing to spend money! • Schools adopted by companies • Projects are initiated and supported • AXIS-project to promote science and technology MicroQuim 2000

  12. Change of doctrine in upper-secondary education (T) ‘Studiehuis’ ≈ study-home • independent learning • streams • projects introduced summer 1998 and 1999 MicroQuim 2000

  13. Consequences for secondary chemical education (T) • Need for a real-life approach • Need for example projects • Need for a student oriented lab MicroQuim 2000

  14. Late eighties (U) Universiteit van Amsterdam: Desire for a microscale laboratory in second year Mayo, Pike & Trumper Microscale Organic Laboratory • very interesting • too expensive MicroQuim 2000

  15. Method and kit (U) Williamson ‘Macroscale and microscale organic experiments’ • economical MicroQuim 2000

  16. Introduction into the curriculum (U) Williamson visited Europe • instruction for PhD students summer 1989 • half of the second year organic lab miniaturised winter 1990 • conversion complete MicroQuim 2000

  17. Results (U) Reduction of • waste • chemicals • cost of breakage to 15% MicroQuim 2000

  18. Further steps (U) summer 1997 • second year inorganic lab miniaturised Szafran, Pike, and Singh ‘Microscale inorganic chemistry’ MicroQuim 2000

  19. Consequences for secondary chemical education (U) Lecturer was member section chemical education of the Royal Netherlands Chemical Society • promoted microscale chemistry • initiated a project MicroQuim 2000

  20. Project Microscale experiments Universiteit van Amsterdam & Chemistry Communication Center Foundation November 1996 - December 1999 • glassware • low-cost heating device • manuals • training MicroQuim 2000

  21. Glassware MicroQuim 2000

  22. Low-cost heating device MicroQuim 2000

  23. Manuals Adaptation of existing experiments Teachers manual and students manual are loose-leaf: • flexible • rearrangeable • supplements MicroQuim 2000

  24. Training Over 330 schools (> 50%) 600 teachers One afternoon training • on-site • at the University MicroQuim 2000

  25. Future plans • more experiments • projects including a teacher-training • coupling with computer (Coach 5) • PhD-research project: another road to organic chemistry • Axis-project: Industry on microscale MicroQuim 2000

  26. Industry on microscale • 3-year project • teachers and industrial chemists work together to make: • teaching materials related to real contexts • blueprint for school-company co-operation MicroQuim 2000

  27. Other microscale initiatives (U&I) Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam & Chemistry Communication Center Foundation • Chemistry in droplets MicroQuim 2000

  28. Other microscale initiatives (T) Frans Killian (teaching assistant) & Aonne Kerkstra (teacher): Miniaturisation of their own school laboratory • 96-well microplates • micro titrations • µ-GLC MicroQuim 2000

  29. (P) Why microscale experiments? Michael Schallies (Heidelberg, Germany): “We must focus on the 95% pupils that do not choose to become a chemist” “Their chemistry in school is the only change in their lives to explore nature by experimenting” MicroQuim 2000

  30. Contact me micro@chem.uva.nl www.chem.uva.nl/chemeduc/microschaal …/MicroQuim2000 MicroQuim 2000

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