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Nuclear Symmetry Energy and Compact Stars

Nuclear Symmetry Energy and Compact Stars. “simple-minded approach”. Hyun Kyu Lee Hanyang University. WCU-HIM meeting on “Dense Matter Physics” Oct. 31, 2009. Introduction. Nuclear matter (finite or infinite volume)

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Nuclear Symmetry Energy and Compact Stars

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  1. Nuclear Symmetry Energy and Compact Stars “simple-minded approach” Hyun Kyu Lee Hanyang University WCU-HIM meeting on “Dense Matter Physics” Oct. 31, 2009

  2. Introduction Nuclear matter (finite or infinite volume) consituents: nucleon (proton and neutron) total number: N = density : Energy of nuclear matter, U energy per nucleon: E = U / N energy density : = U / V = E

  3. energy per nucleon Free - nucleon matter Pauli exclusion principle

  4. symmetry energy factor, S(n) • Model dependent symmetry energy factors • Prakash et al. (1994) • B.-A. Li et al. (2005) • Piekarewicz and Centelles (2009)

  5. Nuclear Symmetry Energy Factors (KK and H.K. Lee, arXiv:0909.1398) Diverse predictions at u > 1 !

  6. B-A. Li et al. 0808.0186

  7. Neutron star • Astrophysical Compact Object • Chemical equilibrium ( )and • Electrical charge neutrality ( ) between particles. • Pressure Gravity: TOV equation • Equation of State(EOS) n, p, e, muon, pion, kaon, … R ~ 10-15 km M ~ 1-3 Msun • Free-fermion gas • Nuclear Physics (Symmetry Energy) • Hadron Physics

  8. Electron Chemical Potential (KK and H.K. Lee, arXiv:0909.1398) chemical equilibrium andcharge neutrality

  9. Kaon Condensation Threshold No kaon condensation ? (KK and H.K. Lee, arXiv:0909.1398) (Brown et al, 2008)

  10. Equation of States for NS-like Compact Object • Total energy density and pressure : (Dimensionless) Fermi momentum : Compton wavelength ( Shapiro & Teukolsky )

  11. Gravity Pressure TOV(Tolmann-Oppenheimer-Volkov) Equation

  12. @ Mmax of each models Free SF SFSU SNL3 Salpha=1 0.71 Msun, 9.27 km 2.00 Msun, 11.03 km 1.73 Msun, 12.72 km 2.10 Msun, 12.22 km 0.39 Msun, 16.08 km • M-R • M-nc • M-rhoc

  13. Radial Dependence of Compositions in Compact Objects • SF • SNL3 • SFSU • Salpha=1

  14. Radial Dependence of Electron Chemical Potential and Nucleon Number Density Nucleon number density vs.distance from center of compact objects@ Mmax of each models Electron chemical potential vs.distance from center of compact object@ Mmax of each models

  15. < Nuclear Symmetry Energy at Higher Density > -Theory: Models for Nuclear Inetraction Effective Theories for QCD - Experiments: CBM/FAIR, ALICE/LHC, RHIC… - Observations: Neutron Stars, Black Holes, .. , Gravitaional Waves, .. Observables ??!!

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