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Class #1. Medieval/Middle Ages and Renaissance Music. Your question to me…. “Keith, why don’t we spend more time on music from the Medieval/Middle Ages and the Renaissance?”. SUPER important concept!. Sacred vs. Secular. Easy dates to remember…. Medieval/Middle Ages c. 450-1450
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Class #1 Medieval/Middle Ages and Renaissance Music
Your question to me…. • “Keith, why don’t we spend more time on music from the Medieval/Middle Ages and the Renaissance?”
SUPER important concept! • Sacred vs. Secular
Easy dates to remember…. • Medieval/Middle Ages • c. 450-1450 • Renaissance • c. 1450-1650
October 31, 1517 • Martin Luther • 95 Theses • Women (castrati) • Vernacular
The Culture of the Medieval/Middle Ages • Almost all patronage (sponsorship) from the church • Most surviving music is sacred • Later Middle Ages: cities, cathedrals, art, and literature 1450 450
Classes of Chant • Syllabic • Melismatic Syllabic: Dies Irae (“The Day of Judgment”) Melismatic: Whitsunday Mass, “Alleluia, emitte spirit” Melismatic: many notes per syllable
Life in the Medieval/Middle Ages Cloister • Cloister Monastery Convent
The place of women… • Where are the women in “classical” music? • How many times will we ask that question? • Any early feminists?
The Music of Hildegard of Bingen(1098–1179) • 1150 founded convent in Germany • Known for miracles and prophecies • Three collections of visions and prophecies in manuscript • Composed religious poetry with music (Morality play) The Play of the Virtues (Ordo virtutum)
Which leads us to….. • Opera • The Coronation of Poppea • Claudio Monteverdi • Voice assignments (including countertenors/castrati) Warning! (Just the first of many.)
The Rise of Polyphony: The Notre Dame School • Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. • Notated rhythm and pitch.
Motets • Sacred • Usually in Latin • Any number of voices • Accompanied • Spem in alium I have never put my hope in any other but in you, O God of Israel who can show both anger and graciousness, and who absolves all the sins of suffering man Lord God, Creator of Heaven and Earth be mindful of our humiliation
Madrigals • Secular • A cappella • Vernacular • Fair Phyllis Fair Phyllis I saw sitting all aloneFeeding her flock near to the mountain side.The shepherds knew not,they knew not whither she was gone,But after her lover Amyntashied,Up and down he wanderedwhilst she was missing;When he found her,O then they fell a-kissing.
Early Instrumental Music • Central role in art music reserved for vocal music. • Instrumental music mostly improvised. • Soft (piano or bas) or loud(forte or haut) instruments. • Categorized by their use (indoor or outdoor) .
Early Instrumental Music Vielle Mandolin Lute
Early Instrumental Music Dulcimer Psaltery
Medieval Organs • Small instruments (Portative) • Sound clip • Large instruments (Positive)