1 / 39

Suicide Prevention in the Community The Role of NGOs

Suicide Prevention in the Community The Role of NGOs. by. Dr. Lakshmi Vijayakumar. Psychiatrists per 100,000. 0.04. Social Workers in Mental Health. NGO’s in Mental Health. [ n = 184 ]. No. of MHP / 100,000 NGOs Low 0.31 84.7% Low middle 3.33 87% Higher middle 12.3 93.9%

varden
Download Presentation

Suicide Prevention in the Community The Role of NGOs

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Suicide Prevention in the Community The Role of NGOs by Dr. Lakshmi Vijayakumar

  2. Psychiatrists per 100,000 0.04

  3. Social Workers in Mental Health

  4. NGO’s in Mental Health [ n = 184 ]

  5. No. of MHP / 100,000 NGOs Low 0.31 84.7% Low middle 3.33 87% Higher middle 12.3 93.9% High 76.15 91.9%

  6. NGO’s IASP SPAN SAMARITANS AAS SAS LIFELINE AFSP LIFE BEFRIENDERS IASR T. ZUFANIA

  7. Study Pearson r df Bridge et al. (1977) - 0.05 194 Huang & Lester (1995) - 0.35 15 Jennings et al. (1978) + 0.08 97 Leenaars & Lester (1955) + 0.22 96 Lester (1974) - 0.11 22 Lester (1980) / Bagley (1968) - 0.35 54 Lester (1990) - 0.18 18 Lester (1993) - 0.10 405 Lester (1994) - 0.13 90 Lester et al. (1996) - 0.22 183 Medoff (1984) - 0.11 462 Miller et al (1984) - 0.05 924 Riehl et al. (1988) no data Weiner (1969) - 0.31 2 AVERAGE - 0.16 2,549 RESULTS OF META – ANALYSIS

  8. Are Volunteers knowledgeable? Reid (1980) Volunteers  knowledgeable than clergy, social workers, students and public Rogers (1990) Risk Assessment by volunteers good

  9. x Are Volunteers Efficient? Wenz (1982) only 19% of suicidal callers - not helped Mishara (2006)  rating of depression and suicide plus Contracting

  10. Intervention Factors Professional factors : • Cotton & Range (1992)  experience  skill Personal factors : • Daigle (1995) Flexible and similar to professionals • Neimeyer (2001) Acceptance of suicide  SIRI Acceptance of death  SIRI Suicidal thoughts & behaviours  SIRI

  11. Media • Awareness • Attitude • Advocacy

  12. Farm suicides in 4 States

  13. 1.2 lakh people commit suicide every year NEW DELHI : It's a number that will send a chill down your spine: As many as 1.2 lakh people end their lives every year in India by committing suicide. Besides that, more than four lakh people attempt to commit suicide. A majority of them have been found to be suffering from some sort of mental disorder or depression. This has now made the Union health ministry sit up. A special suicide prevention programme is now being planned that would counsel and protect mentally depressed patients from harbouring thoughts of ending their life. This will be part of the Revised national mental health programme, due to be launched soon. According to Union health minister A Ramadoss, 60% of the deaths caused by suicide could have been prevented with proper counselling. He told TOI that the National Institute of Mental Health and Mental Sciences, Bangalore, had been asked to make recommendations regarding the ministry's first suicide prevention programme. "A comprehensive suicide prevention programme is desperately required. The main reasons behind such actions have been found to be depression, addiction and alcoholism. The recommendations from Nimhans should be ready in a few weeks," Ramadoss said. As part of the programme, the ministry will give basic mental health training to doctors at the primary healthcare centres in the villages. MBBS doctors will also be trained on how to identify and counsel patients with mental health problems at the sub-division and district levels.

  14. Gatekeeper Training Native healers / Faith healers Practitioners of Alternate System of Medicine Village leaders Volunteers in HIV, Family welfare etc. Teachers, Nurses Police Officers, Private practitioners

  15. Failure in Exam 2320

  16. EXAMS AND CONTACTS TO SNEHA 1 May to 25th May to 1June to 10th June 25th May 31st May 10th June to 30th June Total 264 206 163 185 Students 26 99 40 12 Parents /Teachers -- 22 6 --

  17. Exam Failure and Suicide • Chennai Tamil Nadu • Year Male Female Total Male Female Total • 2000 8 12 20 108 98 206 • 2001 6 9 15 100 88 188 • 2002 19 26 45 126 116 242 • 2003 10 3 13 111 86 197 • 2004 20 18 38 245 162 407 • 30 24 54 159 155 314 • 15 25 40 99 127 226 • 32 23 55 115 134 249

  18. Elusive, but not always unstoppableJun 21st 2007 From The Economist print edition FOR many people in the northern hemisphere, the spirits lift in June—but in India it is a time for examination results, and they can bring despair as well as joy. In any event, the Sneha suicide-prevention centre in Chennai stays open round the clock in mid-June, and the telephones have been ringing hard. Suicide rates have been rising in India, especially among the young, and over a third of those who kill themselves are under 30 years old. But suicide is a mysterious phenomenon; it defies generalisations. Emile Durkheim, the father of modern sociology, wrote in 1897 that suicide rates were a key sign of the state of a community. It was commonest, he reckoned, at two extremes—highly controlled societies, or loose, atomised ones. Since then, his successors have filled thousands of books with theories about what makes people take their own lives: the negative factors which remove the desire to live, and the positive ones that can make self-killing an attractive or even “fashionable” option. People end their own lives for many reasons, only some of which are well understood—but governments should not simply shrug their shoulders

  19. Intersectorial Alliance Innovation

  20. Suicide in NPM Villages Village Year Before NPM After NPM Punnukula 2001 3 - Pullaigudem 2003 3 1 Kodipunjalavagu 2002 4 1 Devijathanda 2003 4 1 Suicides in CP Villages 1998-2003 2003-2006 Keshavapuram 4 2 Pandurangapuram 5 3 Rangapuram 3 2 Bikkuthanda 3 1

  21. Suicide & Attempted suicide Study villages A & B in North Western Province

  22. Suicide & Attempted suicide Control villages A1 & B1 in North Western Province

  23. Self Immolation Community Intervention Self Imm S.A.Gilangharh (INT) 57% 19%Sarpazahab 27% 24% (p=0.04) (p=0.001)

  24. Intervention Study Factors Intervention (45) Control (57) P Age 38.6 37.9 0.79 Sex M 22 28 0.98 F 23 29 Marital Status Single 8 8 Married 24 32 0.66 Widowed 12 17 No. of children 2.6 3.1 0.12 No. of person in family 2.9 5.6 0.000 Year of education 6.4 2.1 0.000 Income 1739 1870 0.69

  25. Prevalence in the last 1 year • Suicidal Ideas 31.6% • Suicidal Plans 15.8% • Suicidal Attempt 12.3%

  26. Follow up Intervention Control Mean diff. P WHO 13.49 13.79 - 0.3 0.731 GHQ 8.714 14.07 - 5.4 0.000 (+ 6.5) (+ 2.5) BDI 13.11 21.88 - 8.7 0.000 (+ 7.9) (+ 3.5) PTSD 6.16 10.51 - 4.4 0.00 (+ 3.1) (+ 2)

  27. Regression Analysis AdjustedßP BDI 53 (2.44) 0.000 GHQ 52 (1.81) 0.001

  28. Follow up Change Intervention Control Change PFactors WHO 8.4 7.6 0.75 0.67 (+ 9.7) (+ 8) GHQ - 5.1 - 1.20 - 3.9 0.001 (+ 8.2) (+ 2.8) BDI - 5.3 - 0.67 - 4.6 0.006 (+ 11.7) (+ 3.6) PTSD - 6.4 - 2.2 - 4.3 0.000 (+ 59) (+ 2.3)

  29. Post Intervention : Suicide Attempt Intervention Control Baseline 6 7 Follow up 0 3 FET p = 0.02

  30. Evidence basedQuality Enhancement Community Based Case Finding Referral to Health Services MonitoringImplementation Community Based Social Support for Treatment Adherence CBR Comprehensiveness and Continuity Community Care to Caring Community

  31. Never doubt that a small group of concerned citizens can change the world. In fact it is the only thing that has. (M. Mead)

  32. Thank You

More Related