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STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT OF A FIRST FIBER OPTIC MODULE PROTOTYPE

STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT OF A FIRST FIBER OPTIC MODULE PROTOTYPE. Javier Gimeno Vicente. CONTENTS. Why a Fiber Optic module? Characteristics of the link Attenuation: link between two BICs Optical power budget analysis Optical components “Detection and switch” TESTS

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STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT OF A FIRST FIBER OPTIC MODULE PROTOTYPE

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  1. STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT OF A FIRST FIBER OPTIC MODULE PROTOTYPE Javier Gimeno Vicente IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  2. CONTENTS • Why a Fiber Optic module? • Characteristics of the link • Attenuation: link between two BICs • Optical power budget analysis • Optical components • “Detection and switch” • TESTS • BIDI MODULE solution • TRANSCEIVER MODULE solution • ELED or “Agilent” solution • DISCRETE BIDI solution • Conclusions • Future works IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  3. Why a Fiber Optic module? • Beam Permit Loops • We don’t transmit data  10MHz control signal • Freq = OK • No freq. = beam dump IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  4. Why a Fiber Optic module? • Responsible of receiving the Beam Permit signal (10MHz if OK), interrupting if a client activates a beam dump request, and transmitting the resulting signal. • CONSTRAINTS: fast, simple and RELIABLE. • Fast requirements: to convert the light into voltage  to interrupt (switch) the signal  to convert the signal into light. IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  5. Characteristics of the link (1/2) • BIC layout in the LHC IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  6. Characteristics of the link (2/2) • Characteristics fixed and determined by: • Fiber • Distance between BICs • Connectors • All the links must fulfil the optical power budget rule • Single mode suitable for 1310nm and 1550nm wavelengths • Attenuation: 0.5dB/Km (worst case) • Degradation during time negligible • Typical delay of 5ns/m (worst case: half LHC (~13.5Km)  ~67.5µs) • max.: 3.3Km (BICs in different IPs) • min.: some meters (BICs in the same room) • Any possible • Recommended and used at CERN: E2000/APC • Losses: 0.5dB in each connector (worst case) IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  7. Attenuation: link between two BICs • Minimum attenuation: BICs in the same room • Maximum attenuation: BICs in different IPs • Safety margin  min. 2dB  typ. 3dB (Honeywell…) IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  8. Optical power budget analysis • It determines the optical power characteristics of the transmitter and receiver Optical power margin rule IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  9. Optical components(1/3) • Types • Electrical characteristics • DISCRETE: • - Analog interface • - Development of the analog to digital conversion • MODULE: • - Optical component + digital interface • Optical characteristics • OPTICAL TRANSMITTER: • - LED: Surface-emitting LED, Edge-emitting LED (ELED),Superluminescent LED (SLED)… • - LASER: Laser Diode (LD),Vertical Cavity Surface-emitting Laser (VCSEL)… • OPTICAL RECEIVER: • - PIN (positive-intrinsic-negative) photodiode • - Avalanche photodiode (APD) IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  10. Optical components(2/3) BIDIrectional TRANSCEIVER DETAIL *WDM: Wave Division Multiplex • TRANSCEIVER or TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER: • - Independent transmitter and receiver • - 2 fibers to transmit and receive (same wavelengths) • BI-DI TRANSCEIVER: • - Transmitter and receiver in the same device • - ONLY 1 fiber to transmit and receive (different wavelengths) • 2 topologies using IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  11. Optical components(3/3) • Selection IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  12. DETECTION and SWITCH (1/2) • Not complex (but must be RELIABLE!!): • SWITCH: simple AND gate • Frequency Detection • “By edge”, using counters • “By sample”, using a shift register to sample IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  13. DETECTION and SWITCH (2/2) • Proposed circuit for the TESTS • REGENERATION IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  14. BIDI MODULE Solution (1/3) • DESIGN: • Very simple • Digital conversion • Prototype board IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  15. BIDI MODULE Solution (2/3) • TESTS • Without “detection and switch” • Without attenuator, only fiber optic cable of 10m IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  16. BIDI MODULE Solution (3/3) • RESULTS: • + BIDI MODULES (ITEC and Infineon) fulfil the optical power budget rule • (minimum transmitter output power -15dBm / Receiver sensibility: -33dBm) - RECEIVERS PROBLEM: AGC in TIAs don’t allow the transmission of signal below ~100kHz  Not good “switch” from 10MHz to DC signal • Same results for TRANSCEIVER MODULE SOLUTION • CONCLUSION: SOLUTION(S) NOT GOOD TX RX SD TX RX SD IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  17. ELED or “Agilent” Solution (1/3) • DESIGN: • Agilent design • Simple but ELEDs quite expensive • ELEDs board  standard package (it can be used with BIDI prototype board after some modifications) • Modified BIDI prototype board IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  18. ELED or “Agilent” Solution (2/3) • FIRST TEST: transmission, attenuation and detection • RESULTS: • + PD-LD ELED with Agilent receiver fulfill the optical power budget rule • (minimum transmitter output power -23dBm / Receiver sensibility: -33dBm) • + Max. attenuation: 12dB • + REGENERATION is not necessary • + Lost of frequency correctly detected TX RX DETECT TX RX IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  19. ELED or “Agilent” Solution (3/3) • SECOND TEST: beam permit loop simulation • CONCLUSION: SOLUTION WORKING TX (BIC 1) ALARM (BIC 2) ReTX (BIC 2) DETECT (BIC 3) TX (BIC 1) ALARM (BIC 2) ReTX (BIC 2) DETECT (BIC 3) IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  20. DISCRETE BIDI Solution (1/2) • DESIGN: - Complex design (laser, very low analog signals, board design…) + Allow flexibility (selection of components, optical power…) • COMPONENTS: • Discrete BIDI: Afonics (although lots similar) • TX circuit: MAX3263 (laser driver, Maxim) • RX circuit: SA5212 (TIA, Philips) + postamplifier (LT1016, Agilent board) IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  21. DISCRETE BIDI Solution (2/2) • RESULTS: • + Design fulfill the optical power budget rule • Transmitter output power: -27.5dB for “0” / -2.5dB for “1”  Adjustable • Receiver sensibility: ~-30dB (R=0.5A/W  it depends also on electronics) • Must avoid receiver saturation • Integrity of the signal (fall/rise time) • + More power  more margin of attenuation + Max. attenuation: 27.5dB (up to 50Km of fiber!!!!) • CONCLUSIONS: • SOLUTION WORKING • New board and more tests necessary BUT STILL IN PROGRESS IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  22. OTHER SOLUTIONS • S.I. Tech solution: • Similar to Agilent solution (discrete components + analog to digital conversion) • Don’t allow transmission of DC signals • ONTi: • Chinese company with interests in working with CERN • Development for us • Good products and good price… but must be tested • Eva Calvo • Design: DC transmission, reliability… and radioactivity • Powerful transmitters (~1mW) • Discrete components + special electronic circuit: analog circuit + ECL • Tested and working • Cypress • Transmitter circuit = Agilent design • RX circuit with PECL postamplifier increases bandwidth IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  23. CONCLUSIONS • MODULE solutions simple but not working well • 2 solutions working: • ELED or Agilent solution  simple • DISCRETE BIDI solution  it uses only 1 fiber and allows more margin of attenuation, but complex and more tests necessary • “Detection and switch” working • No regeneration necessary  detection only in the last module (should be tested) IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  24. FUTURE WORKS • Preparation of LHC simulation (using Agilent solution) with several modules in a loop • New board and more tests using DISCRETE BIDI solution • “Detection and switch”  how and where (Core or Fiber Optic module)? • Conclusions: more tests, new boards, more components (attenuators)… more money and more time!!  Still a lot of work before taking the FINAL DECISSION IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

  25. QUESTIONS? IWM-12/1/2004 Fiber Optic module

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