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ECA 228

ECA 228. Internet Design color. rods & cones. electromagnetic radiation. spectrum. hue. RED ORANGE VIOLET GREEN YELLOW BLUE. saturation. RED. value. value – no contrast. value – added hue. Color Models. RYB RBG CMYHSL. Subtractive vs Additive color.

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ECA 228

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  1. ECA 228 Internet Design color

  2. rods & cones

  3. electromagnetic radiation

  4. spectrum

  5. hue REDORANGEVIOLETGREENYELLOWBLUE

  6. saturation RED

  7. value

  8. value – no contrast

  9. value – added hue

  10. Color Models RYBRBGCMYHSL

  11. Subtractive vs Additive color • Subtractive color:primary colors for mixing paints cyan magenta yellow • Additive color:primary colors for mixing light red green blue

  12. Light • light is a mixture of all colors • light can be broken down into its component parts with a prism • visible spectrumrepresents colorvisible to the human eye

  13. Subtractive color • Primary colors: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow • combining primaries creates secondary colorsM + Y = RedC + Y = GreenC + M = Blue • more shades are created byadjusting the amount of component colors

  14. Subtractive color cont … • subtractive color works by absorbing (subtracting) some colors, while reflecting other colors • an apple, eg, really has no color • the apple absorbs most of the cyan, some magenta and yellow • it reflects magenta and yellow which allows us to see red

  15. Subtractive color cont … • with subtractive colors each time you add more of a primary color, the darker the overall color value becomes • as more colors are added, the resulting color becomes darker, because more light is being absorbed

  16. Subtractive color cont … • CMYK • in theory, adding all the subtractive primary colors together will produce black • in practice, doing so will produce a muddy brown color, because all man-made colors have imperfections • therefore, black ( K ) isused with the Cyan, Magenta, and Yellowwhen printing

  17. Additive color • Primary colors: red, green, blue • combining primaries produce secondary colorsB + G = Cyan R + B = MagentaR + G + Yellow • more shades are created by adjusting the amount of component colors

  18. Additive color cont … • additive colors involve light generated directly from a source, such as televisions or computer monitors • additive colors are defined by adding colors

  19. Additive color cont … • the additive process mixes various amounts of red, green, and blue to produce other colors • with additive colors each time you add more of a primary color, the lighter the overall color value becomes • when red, green, and blue are mixed, white is produced

  20. Monitor

  21. Color wheel • the visible spectrum of light can be represented as a color wheel • color wheel can be used to visualize color relationships

  22. Color wheels artist’s wheel CMY wheel RGB wheel

  23. Color schemes • According to color theory, harmonious color combinations can be found with • two colors opposite each other on the color wheel • three colors forming a triangle, equally spaced around the color wheel • four colors forming a rectangle on the color wheel (two pairs of colors opposite each other)

  24. Classic color schemes • Monochromatic • Analogous • Complementary • Split Complementary • Triadic • Tetradic (Double Complementary)

  25. Monochromatic • variations of a single color • looks clean and elegant • produces a soothing effect • easy on the eyes, especiallyblues and greens

  26. Monochromatic cont … • advantages • easy to manage • looks balanced and appealing • soothing • disadvantages • lacks contrast • not as vibrant as otherschemes • not as exciting

  27. Analogous • colors adjacent on the color wheel • one color is used as dominant • other colors are used to enhance • offers more nuance thanmonochromatic

  28. Analogous cont … • advantages • easy to create and managed • richer than monochromatic • disadvantages • lack contrast • not as vibrant as complementary • using too many huesmay ruin harmony

  29. Complementary • two colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel • intrinsically high contrast • looks best when a warmcolor is placed againsta cool color, eg, redplaced against green-blue

  30. Complementary cont … • advantages • offers stronger contrast thanany other color scheme • draws maximum attention • disadvantages • harder to balance than monochromatic andanalogous

  31. Split Complementary • variation of standard complementary • uses one color, then the two colors adjacent to its complementary color • provides high contrastwithout strong tensionof standard complementaryscheme

  32. Split Complementary cont … • advantages • strong visual contrast • allows more nuance than standardcomplementary • disadvantages • may be difficult to balance

  33. Triadic • uses three colors equally spaced around the color wheel • popular among artists • offers strong visualcontrast while retainingharmony • not as much contrast ascomplementary, but morebalance and harmony

  34. Triadic cont … • advantages • offers high contrast • retains harmony • disadvantages • not as much contrast ascomplementary

  35. Tetradic • uses two pairs of complementary colors • hard to balance and harmonize • choose one dominant color • if all four hues are used inequal amounts, the schememay look unbalanced

  36. Tetradic cont … • advantages • offers more variety thenany other scheme • disadvantages • hardest scheme to balance

  37. Web graphics • web graphics • simply grids of colored pixels • appearance of image depends upon varying the colors in the pixels

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