Ten years initiative (2005-2015)

1. Strategies to promote sanitation: The use of PHAST in the RC/RC Movement. NGO Health Network SeminarCopenhagen, 30 April, 2013

2. Ten years initiative (2005-2015) • Target of providing sustainable solutions to 5 million people over 10 years. • 15 million by 2015. We recognize that we need to catch up on sanitation coverage, which globally lags behind water by more than a factor of three. http://www.ifrc.org/en/what-we-do/health/water-sanitation-and-hygiene-promotion/global-water-and-sanitation-initiative/

3. Getting the balance right The IFRC calls on governments, donors, and communities to get the balance right between action on sanitation and on water. • Traditionally more focus on water supply. • According to GLAAS report (2010), funding for sanitation comprises 37% of total aid funding for the sanitation and water sector. http://www.ifrc.org/PageFiles/99218/1228400-Sanitation%20Advocacy%20paper-EN-LR%5b1%5d.pdf

4. Sanitation approach within the Red Cross IFRC WatSan Policy (2003) • Sanitation promotion and hygiene education prior to the construction of facilities. • Participatory techniques such as PHAST, but open to other methods. • Special needs of women, children and other vulnerable groups. • Use of subsidies, linked to the PHAST process.

5. What is PHAST? • It is an adaptation of SARAR methodology to the sanitation sector. • Developed by UNDP/World Bank in the nineties in East Africa. • It is follows a problem solving approach through a cycle of 7 steps. http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/envsan/phastep/en/

7. PHAST in the Red Cross • PHAST has been promoted in the Red Cross since early 2000. • In around 40 countries, with more than 3.000 Red Cross volunteers trained. • PHAST master trainers in all continents. • Regional review workshops every 2 years. • PHAST manual translated in multiple lenguages. • PHAST toolkits produced for a great variety of contexts. • In 2004, IFRC published the software tools booklet which describes how PHAST is undertaken in the Red Cross.

8. How does it work?

9. Strengths • Gain of knowledge and ability to plan • Sense of owneship • Replicable and easy to scale up • Inclusion of women in decision-taking processes • Adapted to school environment (CHAST) and it has been used in emergency by the Red Cross. • Easily adptable to other diseases (malaria, HIV) and sectors (shelter, PASSA). • Standard format: easy to plan for resources

10. Challenges • Long process. Risk of overwhelming communities and lose of interest. • Although highly replicable, it is not easy to scale up • It requires open proposals with no pre-fixed sanitation options. • Producing, testing and re-producing the PHAST toolkit is time consuming. • It is expensive • Lack of rigorous, strong scientific evaluations. Grey literature.

11. Way forward for sanitation: from now on and beyond 2015 • Advocating for global support from all stakeholders; • Building further partnerships; • Improving impact assessment; • Ensuring sustainability; • Integration of sanitation and hygiene promotion into other sectors; • Exploring new sanitation promotional approaches;