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Use of Simulation/Exercise in Disaster Preparedness

Use of Simulation/Exercise in Disaster Preparedness. Dr. Charles W. Beadling Central Asia Regional Health Security Conference 17-19 April 2012 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. Overview:. Phases of Effective Disaster Response Disaster Risk Reduction, Disaster Preparedness

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Use of Simulation/Exercise in Disaster Preparedness

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  1. Use of Simulation/Exercise in Disaster Preparedness Dr. Charles W. Beadling Central Asia Regional Health Security Conference 17-19 April 2012 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany

  2. Overview: • Phases of Effective Disaster Response • Disaster Risk Reduction, Disaster Preparedness • Disaster Preparedness Cycle • Simulation/Exercise as a Tool • Purposes • Table Top • Live • What are your main threats?

  3. 3 Phases of Disaster Response

  4. Prepare Actions taken before an incident: • Analyzing threats, risks • Risk reduction • Planning • Rehearsal (Exercise) • Community education

  5. Disaster Risk • Disaster Risk is frequently calculated as: Risk = Hazard X Vulnerability • Hazard: threat; the frequency of potential adverse event • Frequency of a hurricane hitting Florida = 1.4 per year • Vulnerability: likelihood of adverse outcomes • Concentrations of populations in flood plains • Socio-economic vulnerability, urbanization

  6. Disaster Preparedness Reduces Disaster Risk Methods of risk reduction • Prevention • Transportation safety • Industrial standards • Limit adverse effects • Mitigation: Improve structures in seismic area • Improve Disaster Preparedness

  7. Respond • First Responders • Fire, Police, Medical • Order on chaos • Coordination • Command structure • Decontamination? • Chemical, Biological, Radiological • Persisting threats? • Secondary device • Search and rescue

  8. Recovery • Short term – days to weeks • Clean up • Essential services • Psychological support • Long term – months to years • Rebuild

  9. Preparedness Cycle Capability Building

  10. Plan • Collect and analyze data • What crises have occurred? • What was the result? • Develop laws, policies, plans and procedures • General “all hazards” • Specific threats • National, local levels need to be aligned

  11. Organize, Train and Equip • Organize • Leadership and teams • Triage, Treatment, Decontamination, Evacuation, etc. • Train: Individuals and teams • Performance standards • Equip: Depend on size, roles

  12. Exercises

  13. Exercises • Test plans – identify gaps • Improve proficiency • Familiarize with plans • Familiarize with roles • Assess performance • Validate certification

  14. Exercises • Improve coordination • Improve communication • Identify risks for reduction • Low risk environment • Table top exercises • Live exercises

  15. Table Top Exercises Advantages: • No need for equipment • Not effected by weather • Test plans for gaps • Gain experience with roles and responsibilities • Practice coordination and communication • Those without experience learn from those with experience Disadvantages: • Lose effect of time & space • No experience operating equipment • Risk unrealistic solutions

  16. Live Exercises Advantages: • More realistic experience • Exposure to weather, terrain Disadvantages: • Expense • Time lost from work • Impact of weather

  17. Community involvement • Workplace exercises • Fire response • Evacuation • School drills – shelter, active shooter • Test emergency warning – sirens, radio/television announcements • City evacuation routes

  18. Evaluate and Improve • Review actions after exercise • Were there situations not adequately covered in plan? • Was there adequate resources – protective equipment, food stocks? • Correct plans, resources, training as needed • There will be another opportunity – if it is a real disaster, be ready!

  19. Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program • A standardized methodology and terminology for exercise design, development, conduct, evaluation, and improvement planning • Policy & guidance • Online training courses • Tools & technology • Technical assistance https://hseep.dhs.gov/pages/1001_HSEEP7.aspx

  20. Summary • 3 Phases to a disaster • Prepare, Respond, Recover • Risk = Hazard X Vulnerability • Preparedness Cycle:

  21. Summary: Exercises • Test plans – identify gaps • Improve proficiency • Familiarize with plans • Familiarize with roles • Assess performance • Validate certification • Improve coordination • Improve communication • Identify risks for reduction • Low risk environment • Table top exercises • Live exercises

  22. Questions?

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