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The Elbow

The Elbow. Overview. Applied anatomy Patient history Observation Examination. Joints at the Elbow. Humeroulnar Ginglymus Hinge Which plane/axis? Olecranon process of ulna provides stability in extension, but does not “lock” into olecranon fossa of humerus. Joints at the Elbow.

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The Elbow

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  1. The Elbow

  2. Overview • Applied anatomy • Patient history • Observation • Examination

  3. Joints at the Elbow • Humeroulnar • Ginglymus • Hinge • Which plane/axis? • Olecranon process of ulna provides stability in extension, but does not “lock” into olecranon fossa of humerus

  4. Joints at the Elbow • Radioulnar • Trochoid • Pivot • Which plane/axis? • Annular ligament encircles radial head but allows the radius to “spin” (pronate & supinate)

  5. Movements at the Elbow • Flexion and extension at the humeroulnar joint

  6. Movements at the Elbow • Pronation and supination at the radioulnar joints

  7. Applied Anatomy • Bony aspects • Humerus • Head • Diaphysis • Medial condyle • Medial epicondyle • Lateral condyle • Lateral epicondyle • Coronoidfossa • Olecranonfossa • Capitulum • Trochlea

  8. Applied Anatomy • Bony aspects • Radius • Head • Neck • Radial tuberosity • Diaphysis • Radial styloid

  9. Applied Anatomy • Bony aspects • Ulna • Olecranon process • Coronoid process • Raidal notch • Diaphysis • Head • Ulnar styloid

  10. Applied Anatomy • Ligamentous aspects • Medial • Ulnar or medial collateral ligament • Protects against valgus forces • The “Tommy John” surgery

  11. Applied Anatomy • Ligamentous aspects • Lateral • Radial or lateral collateral ligament • Protects against varus forces • Anterior • Annular • Supports PRUJ

  12. Muscular Anatomy • Anterior group • Biceps brachii • Brachialis • Brachioradialis • Pronatorteres • Pronatorquadratus • Flexor carpiradialis • Palmaris longus • Flexor carpiulnaris • Posterior group • Triceps • Anconeus • Supinator • Extensor carpiradialis • Extensor carpiulnaris

  13. Anterior Group: Biceps Brachii • O: • Long head: superior glenoid • Short head: coracoid • I: Radial tuberosity • A: Elbow flexion & supination, shoulder flexion • N: Musculocutaneous

  14. Anterior Group: Brachialis • O: Distal humerus • I: Proximal ulna • A: Elbow flexion • N: Musculocutaneous

  15. Anterior Group: Brachioradialis • O: Lateral distal humerus • I: Distal radius at the lateral styloid process • A: Elbow flexion • N: Radial

  16. Anterior Group: Pronator Teres • O: Medial distal humerus (condyle) & ulna • I: Lateral radius, middle 1/3 • A: Elbow pronation & flexion • N: Median

  17. Anterior Group: Pronator Quadratus • O: Distal anterior ulna • I: Distal anterior radius • A: Pronation • N: Median

  18. Anterior Group: Flexor Carpi Radialis • O: medial epicondyle • I: palmar hand • A: flexion, abduction • N: median

  19. Anterior Group: Palmaris Longus • O: Medial epicondyle • I: palmar hand • A: flexion • N: Median

  20. Anterior Group: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris • O: medial epicondyle • I: palmar hand • A: flexion, adduction • N: ulnar

  21. Posterior Group: Triceps Brachii • O: • Long head: infraglenoid lip of scapula • Lateral head: posterior humerus • Medial head: medial posterior humerus • I: Olecranon process • A: Elbow extension, shoulder extension • N: Radial

  22. Posterior Group: Anconeus • O: Posterior humerus, lateral condyle • I: Olecranon process • A: Elbow extension • N: Radial

  23. Posterior Group: Supinator • O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus • I: Lateral proximal radius • A: Supination • N: Radial

  24. Posterior Group • Extensor Carpi Radialis (ECR) • O: lateral epicondyle • I: dorsal hand • A: ext & abd • N: radial

  25. Posterior Group • Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (ECU) • O: lateral epicondyle • I: dorsal hand • A: ext & add • N: radial

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