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The Roaring Twenties

The Roaring Twenties. The Russian Revolution. Czar Nicholas II loses power for entering WWI Vladimir Lenin leads Bolsheviks Civil War Reds (Bolsheviks) vs. Whites (landowners, army leaders) Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) Gov’t controls all land and property

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The Roaring Twenties

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  1. The Roaring Twenties

  2. The Russian Revolution • Czar Nicholas II loses power for entering WWI • Vladimir Lenin leads Bolsheviks • Civil War • Reds (Bolsheviks) vs. Whites (landowners, army leaders) • Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) • Gov’t controls all land and property • 1 political party • Individuals had no rights • Try to spread Communism around the world

  3. The Red Scare • Schenck v. U.S. (1919) • Charles Schenck convicted of breaking the Espionage Act • The Palmer Raids • Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer • Target Communists, socialists, and anarchists • Sacco and Vanzetti • Italian immigrants convicted of murder • Conviction was because of being immigrants • 1927, Executed

  4. Labor Strikes • Strikes in 1919 and 1920 blamed on Communists • The Boston Police Strike • Calvin Coolidge • Steel and Coal Strike • Steel industry used red scare • United Mine Workers of America’s strike put down by Attorney General Palmer

  5. Republican Leadership • Republicans control all three branches from 1921 to 1933 • The Harding Presidency • “Return to normalcy” • Favored business (Andrew Mellon); very high tariff but Europe retaliated • Ohio Gang – corrupt advisors • Isolationism -Stayed out of League of Nations • Limiting Immigration • Nativist fears • Restricted immigration and quotas • Teapot Dome Scandal • Alfred Fall leases government land for oil drilling

  6. Republican Leadership • The Coolidge Presidency (“Silent Cal”) • Restored confidence • Laissez Faire • Continued Isolationism • Kellogg-Briand Pact – outlawed war • Dawes Plan – loans to Germany • The Election of 1928 • Herbert Hoover

  7. A Business Boom • Consumer Economy • Buying on credit • Installment plans • Electric Power • General Electric • New Products • Refrigerators • Washing Machines • Irons • http://www.history.com/videos/1920s-inventions

  8. Ford and the Automobile • “Model T” • “Horseless carriage” • Assembly Line • Assembly line moved the cars • Produced one every 24 seconds • Mass production • A Complex Businessman • Scientific Management • Created 5 day work week • Gave raises to employees • Industrial Growth • Growth of the highway system, trucking, motels, restaurants, etc.

  9. http://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of-us/videos/henry-ford-and-the-model-thttp://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of-us/videos/henry-ford-and-the-model-t

  10. Women’s Changing Roles • The Flapper Image • New type of woman • Short dresses and short hair • Smoked, drank, danced the “Charleston” • Working Women and Voting • Working women had little chances for advancement • 19th Amendment • Women did not vote like suffragists thought

  11. Cities and Suburbs • African Americans in the North • Great Migration – African Americans move from the south to the north for work opportunities • Other Migration • Mexican and Canadian • Growth of the Suburbs • Cars and busses • Fleeing urban areas

  12. American Heroes • “Lucky Lindy” • Charles Lindbergh and the Spirit of St. Louis • Amelia Earhart • Heroes in Sports • Jack Dempsey • Babe Ruth • Gertrude Ederle • Bobby Jones • Johnny Weissmuller

  13. Mass Media • Movies – “Talkies” • Mary Pickford (America’s sweetheart) • Rudolph Valentino • Charlie Chaplin • Newspapers • Hearst/Pullitzer • Radio • Pittsburgh’s KDKA • National Broadcasting Company (NBC)

  14. The Jazz Age • From blues and ragtime (New Orleans) • Radio helps to spread • Jazz clubs in Harlem • Duke Ellington • Louis Armstrong

  15. Other Artists • Paintings • Georgia O’Keefe • Literature • Sinclair Lewis • The Lost Generation • F. Scott Fitzgerald • John Steinbeck • Earnest Hemingway • Harlem Renaissance • African American literary awakening • Langston Hughes

  16. Prohibitionhttp://www.history.com/videos/america-goes-dry-with-prohibitionProhibitionhttp://www.history.com/videos/america-goes-dry-with-prohibition • Bootlegging • Speakeasies • Organized Crime • Came from prohibition • Violent groups • Al Capone • Runs Chicago through bootlegging and other crimes • J. Edgar Hoover and the FBI • http://www.history.com/shows/gangland/videos/gangster-al-capone-exploits-prohibition

  17. Issues of Religion • Fundamentalism • Argued that Christian ideas were flawless and the Bible had no errors • Evolution and the Scopes Trial • John T. Scopes, Tennessee teacher • Scopes “Monkey” Trial

  18. Racial Tension • Violence against African Americans • “Red Summer” • Revival of the Klan • Fighting Discrimination • NAACP • The Garvey Movement • “Mother Africa”

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