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WALKER BIOLOGY CLUB MEETING & GUEST SPEAKER!!

WALKER BIOLOGY CLUB MEETING & GUEST SPEAKER!!. Dr. Janice Swab, a world-traveling evolutionary biologist will be speaking! Come hear about “Following Darwin [and not following Darwin] in the Southern Hemisphere!” January 23, 2008 5:00 p.m. in Room 210. Pizza & Drinks Provided!. Announcements.

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WALKER BIOLOGY CLUB MEETING & GUEST SPEAKER!!

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  1. WALKER BIOLOGY CLUB MEETING & GUEST SPEAKER!! Dr. Janice Swab, a world-traveling evolutionary biologist will be speaking! Come hear about “Following Darwin [and not following Darwin] in the Southern Hemisphere!” January 23, 2008 5:00 p.m. in Room 210 Pizza & Drinks Provided!

  2. Announcements • Begin literature search! • Locate a minimum of 1 review article & 2 peer reviewed research articles. • Type out a reference list & have a copy of the papers turned in by Feb 4! • Worth a 10 pt quiz grade.

  3. Characteristics of Adaptive Immunity • Antigenic specificity. • Diversity- can recognize > billion different antigens. • Specificity & Response increases & improves as it is being mounted. • Immunological Memory • Self vs nonself recognition.

  4. Specificity is achieved by Ig & the TCR.

  5. A lymphocyte prior to development: The diversity of the Ig & TCR is generated by gene rearrangement. • Functional gene composed to two or more gene segments joined together.

  6. Point mutations B cells stimulated by antigen will have increased diversity through somatic mutations. • Provides diversity & increases specificity of Ig!

  7. How does the immune response amplify & remain specific towards a pathogen? Early theories: • Friedrich Breinl & Felix Haurowitz, 1930s • Instructional Theory- • Paul Ehrlich, early 1900s: • Selective theory: “Cells in the blood express side chain receptors that will react with infectious agents and inactivate them.”Kuby, Immunology • Macfarlane Burnet, 1950s: • Further defined Ehrlichs selective theory into the clonal slection theory

  8. Clonal Selection Theory • Memory is achieved by the “memory cells”

  9. Fig. 1.15, Janeway (p. 16): The 4 basic principles of the clonal selection theory. ?

  10. How does the immune system prevent recognition of self? Tolerance: • occurs in the primary lymphoid tissue by positive* & negative selection of lymphocytes. • Clonal Deletion • Anergy * Not shown

  11. Apoptosis: Protease (caspases) are activated. DNA degradation. Nuclear membrane integrity compromised. Organelle/cell shrinking. Blebbing

  12. Apoptotic lymphocyte Healthy lymphocyte Kuby, Immunology

  13. How do B cells & T cells recognize & bind to antigen?

  14. bacterium B cell

  15. Antigen must be presented to T-cells. APC

  16. MHC class I Expressed on all nucleated cells. MHC class II Expressed on Professional Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs): Mf DC B cells Other cells types can be induced to express MHC II. Antigen Presentation to T- cells

  17. Antigen must be processed to be displayed on MHC. alpha beta alpha B-2 microglobulin

  18. The Endogenous Pathway: • MHC class I • Endogenous Ag: • derived from pathogens that multiply intracellularly.

  19. Exogenous Pathway • MHC class II • Exogenous antigen: • derived from pathogens that multiply outside of host cells or inside the phagolysosome.

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