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Latitude and Longitude

Learn about latitude and longitude and how they can be used to pinpoint any location on Earth. Discover the significance of the equator, prime meridian, and other key coordinates. Explore the different latitudinal and longitudinal lines and their implications for weather, time zones, and geographic regions.

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Latitude and Longitude

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  1. Latitude and Longitude

  2. Latitude lines run east/west but they measure north or south of the equator (0°) splitting the earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere.

  3. Lines of latitude are numbered from 0° at the equator to 90° N.L. at the North Pole. Lines of latitude are numbered from 0° at the equator to 90° S.L. at the South Pole. Latitude North Pole South Pole 90 80 [ 70 60 50 40 30 20 ] 10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

  4. The equator is at 0° latitude. It is neither north nor south. It is at the center between north and south. 40° N is the 40° line of latitude north of the equator. 40° S is the 40° line of latitude south of the equator. LatitudeThe North Pole is at 90° NThe South Pole is at 90° S

  5. 60° W is the 60° line of longitude west of the Prime Meridian. The Prime Meridian is located at 0°. It is neither east or west 60° E is the 60° line of longitude east of the Prime Meridian. LongitudeLines of longitude begin at the Prime Meridian. W E

  6. Lines of longitude are numbered east from the Prime Meridian to the 180° line and west from the Prime Meridian to the 180° line. Longitude 180° N North Pole W E West Longitude East Longitude PRIME MERIDIAN S

  7. Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere Places located east of the Prime Meridian have an east longitude (E) address. Places located west of the Prime Meridian have a west longitude (W) address. Prime MeridianThe Prime Meridian (0°) and the 180° line split the earth into the Western Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere.Prime Meridian

  8. INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE180° • SEPARATES 2 CALENDAR DAYS. America to Asia – gain a day Asia to America – lose a day

  9. Climate and Weather Weather: the condition of the air at any given time. Climate: the average conditions over an extended period of time. Earth’s Tilt and Rotation The earth is tilted 23.5º on its axis. This tilt causes the seasons because part of the earth it tilted toward, or away from the sun. Areas near the equator are called the tropics. The Tropics are between the equator and 23.5ºN latitude (Tropic of Cancer) and 23.5ºS Latitude (Tropic of Capricorn). These are also called the Low latitudes because the numbers are low.

  10. Middle Latitudes are the Temperate areas between the Tropics and the Arctic Circle in the north and the Antarctic Circle in the South. They are between 23.5-66.5°N and S of the Equator High Latitudes are the Polar/Arctic (Antarctic) areas north of the Arctic Circle and South of the Antarctic Circle They are between 66.5-90°N and S of the Equator.

  11. High Latitudes Arctic (North) 90°N Middle Latitudes Temperate 66.5°N 23.5°N Low Latitudes Tropics 0° 23.5°S Middle Latitudes Temperate 66.5°S High Latitudes Antarctic (South) 90°S

  12. By combining latitude and longitude, any location can be pinpointed

  13. A location’s coordinates(____° N or S, ____ ° E or W)

  14. ApplicationN W E S North America is in the Northern Hemisphere because it is north of the Equator. North America is in the Western Hemisphere because it is west of the Prime Meridian.

  15. Fractions of a Degree • 1 degree = 60 minutes or 1 minute is 1/60th of a degree • Use minutes if location is not directly on the latitude/longitude line • Written ----- Degree/minute = XX° xx’ compass direction 30’ is half-way between degrees

  16. LONGITUDE AND TIME • The world rotates (spins) 360° in 24 hours. 360° / 24 hours = 15° per hour • The world has 24 time zones, each l5° apart. THERE IS A 1 HOUR TIME DIFFERENCE FOR EVERY 15° OF LONGITUDE

  17. Greenwich, England is the logical starting point for time zones • The world rotates west to east (counterclockwise), time zones to the east are ahead of the those time zones to the west

  18. ANOTHER CHEESY SAYING • EAST INCREASE Time is forward to all places to the east • WEST LESS Time is backward to all places to the west

  19. East Increase – West Less(1 hr per l5°) If it 9 p.m. at Position D, what time is it at position C? Position B? If it is 1 p.m. at Position X, at which location is the time 5 p.m.

  20. Earth rotates west to east Solar time is based on the position of the sunNIGHT IS FALLING ON EARTH Look at the East Coast of the United States. The lights are already lit. California the sun is still visible.

  21. This pictures shows AMERICAN CITIES at night.

  22. Saguenay Sept-Iles Thunder Bay Toronto St.John Ottawa It’s still daylight in California Québec Montréal Those light are Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Washington. Detroit Dallas Puerto Rico Houston Miami Mexico City Havana Port-au-Prince

  23. NIGHT IS FALLING ON EARTH. Look at Paris and Barcelona, the lights are already lit, meanwhile in London, Lisbon and Madrid the sun is still visible. Looking south, we can see the islands in the middle of the ocean. We have a perfect view of the British Islands, Iceland and Canada.

  24. Iceland England Atlantic Ocean France Spain Italy AFRICA

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