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Criminalization of Marijuana. Will Burton. Background. Originally used as hemp Originated from Central Asia and brought to America Crop that was used in clothes, building materials, plastics, fuel, etc . Jamestown 1619, required by law for farmers to grow
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Criminalization of Marijuana Will Burton
Background • Originally used as hemp • Originated from Central Asia and brought to America • Crop that was used in clothes, building materials, plastics, fuel, etc. • Jamestown 1619, required by law for farmers to grow • Now is used medically and recreationally across the world
Presidency of Herbert Hoover • President from 1929-1933 • Held million dollar enterprises with Andrew Mellon (Secretary of Treasury) and Harry Anslinger ( nephew and the head of Federal Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs) • Saw hemp as a threat • Mexican slang term “marihuana” pushed into society and public started to take notice
Yellow Journalism • type of journalism that presents little to no legitimate research and is based upon catchy titles
Harry J. Anslinger • Head of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs • Anslinger recognized that opiates and cocaine wouldn’t be enough to build legacy • Targeted marijuana to criminalize it at the federal level • Used racism and violence to turn public against the problem he was to create
Statements • “There are 100,000 total marijuana smokers in the US, and most are Negroes, Hispanics, Filipinos, and entertainers. Their Satanic music, jazz, and swing, result from marijuana use. This marijuana causes white women to seek sexual relations with Negroes, entertainers, and any others.” • “Marijuana is an addictive drug which produces in its users insanity, criminality, and death.” • “You smoke a joint and you’re likely to kill your brother.” • “Marijuana is the most violence-causing drug in the history of mankind.”
Reefer Madness • Propaganda film designed to continue to create an enemy of marijuana to society • Shows how marijuana supposedly makes you go into madness, be violent, and just about anything else you can imagine • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bM_vLk1I6G4
Public Opinion • Throughout 1900’s the opinion on marijuana came from information provided by the government • Reagan speech • Regarding medical disadvantages of marijuana • “the most reliable scientific sources say permanent brain damage is one of the inevitable results of the uses of marijuana” • Based study on Heath/Tulane University Study of 1974 which studies the affects of carbon monoxide poisoning • Pumped monkeys with the equivalent of 63 joints in five minutes
Prohibitive Marihuana Tax Law • April 14, 1937 • Outlawed hemp • Brought before the House Ways and Means Committee • Dr. James Woodward attempted to stop law and testify on behalf of American Medical Association • Stated that it was unclear that marihuana and hemp were of the same strain • In September of 1937 hemp prohibition began
Reflection • Surprised by how much the public opinion was affected • Realized how the time era may have affected the criminalization from lack of information