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Art History and Art Criticism

Art History and Art Criticism. Week 5 Iris Tuan. Presenting Art History. Chronology— 1. one of the principal tools in organizing the display of works of art 2. one of the principal methods of writing art history (p. 54) Encounter with art in a gallery or museum

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Art History and Art Criticism

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  1. Art History and Art Criticism Week 5 Iris Tuan

  2. Presenting Art History • Chronology— • 1. one of the principal tools in organizing the display of works of art • 2. one of the principal methods of writing art history (p. 54) • Encounter with art in a gallery or museum • 1. publicly owned and funded institutions • 2. donation by private owners

  3. Museums • National collections and the museums are located in important focal points in the urban landscape (p. 55) • National Gallery in Washington— • Opened in 1937 • Funded by a private individual, Andrew Mellon • Maintained an arm’s length’ association

  4. John Paul Getty Museum • In Los Angeles • Billionaire founder • The Guggenheim is another private institution (p. 56) • The Getty has two museums— • One is a replica Roman villa based on one found at Herculaneum • The other is a brand-new museum complex on the top of a hill in Brentwood, LA

  5. In Europe • The art objects were historicized as a result of the activities of patrons and collectors • E.g. The Mouseion, meaning `home of the Muses’ (p. 56) • The splendid display of art at the Emperor Hadrian’s villa at Tivoli, outside of Rome (p. 57)

  6. The Impetus behind the Works • The papal patronage in the 16th and 17th centuries • E.g. the Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo • The Vatican Stanze by Raphael • The Baldicchino in St. Peter’s by Bernini

  7. Roman Pope’s sponsorship • the Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo

  8. The Vatican Stanze by Raphael

  9. Bernini’s The Baldicchino in St. Peter’s

  10. Purchase Arts as Souvenirs • when we visit somewhere of interest, as tourists, we like to buy souvenirs • Paintings, sculptures, drawings, and so on to decorate the personal collections • The art of ancient Greece and Rome became a part of what we might call 18th-century popular culture (p. 58) • E.g. Sir Joshua Reynold’s Three Ladies Adorning a Term of Hymen (1773)

  11. Sir Joshua Reynold’s Three Ladies Adorning a Term of Hymen • Chastity, grace, and beauty

  12. History Painting • The pinnacle of artistic production • Usually referred to ancient history or mythology • More prestigious than portraiture • Vasari-- • 1. influential in the development of writing art history • 2. founded the first academy of fine art in Florence in 1563

  13. Europe • Vasari’s academy of fine art in Florence • 1. Augment the social status of the artist • 2. offer training (p. 60) • The Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture • Became an engine of the publicity machine of the monarchy

  14. The public Museums The first one— The Louvre in Paris (p. 61) Founded in 1793 Era: the French Revolution was at its height In Britain, visits to art galleries by the working classes were encouraged As a means of keeping the peace By encouraging feelings of patriotism for national collections (p. 62)

  15. Europe-wide Phenomenon • Putting art and national identity on view • The Federal Art Project (p. 63) • Jackson Pollock’s Echo (Number 25) • Assemble or curate a couple of `mini exhibition’ (p. 66) • Jan Vermeer’s Maid with a Jug • A model of feminine `domesticity’ (p. 68)

  16. Motifs of the Art • Highlight female sexuality • The Apollo Belvedere represents the paradigm of male beauty • The physical perfection (p. 69) • The figures in Ahu Akivi, Easter Island • May represent tribal chiefs, warriors, or perhaps gods (p. 71) • The subject remains centre stage (p. 75)

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