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The Abbreviation systems from the Roman Era to the Middle Ages

From Bologna to the Blogosphere. A History of Written Correspondence ’ Summer School June 23rd - July 4th 2014. The Abbreviation systems from the Roman Era to the Middle Ages. Flavia Manservigi. Abbreviations today. Abbreviations today. Abbreviations today.

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The Abbreviation systems from the Roman Era to the Middle Ages

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  1. From Bologna to the Blogosphere. A History of Written Correspondence’ Summer School June 23rd - July 4th 2014 The Abbreviationsystems from the Roman Era to the Middle Ages Flavia Manservigi

  2. Abbreviations today

  3. Abbreviations today

  4. Abbreviations today

  5. What is the meaning of ‘abbreviation’? From Latin brevis = short

  6. The Law of the minimum effort When we read, our eyes only see the most meaningful letters of a text and the general combination of the words, but not the single strokes composing it. So it is sufficient to write only those meaningful signs to make a writing understandable

  7. Abbreviations in ancientRome

  8. Sigla

  9. Proper names M = Manius K = Kaeso C or CN = Gaius, Gnaeus

  10. Citizens’ tribus AEM = Aemilia CAM = Camilia CLA = Claudia

  11. State offices COS = consul PR = praetor AED = aedilis TR PL = tribunus plebis

  12. Common words F = filius L = libertus

  13. Political events F = fas N = nefas Q R C F = quando rex comitiavit fas

  14. Abbreviation on coins in the Roman Era P(ublius) SULA ROMA ROMA Q(uintus) MAX(imus)

  15. Abbreviations in lawtexts:Senatusconsultus de Asclepiade AEQVOM.CENSVERE.EA.ITA.FIEREI.ITA.V.E.E.R.P.F.S.V.C. ITA.V.E.E.R.P.F.S.V.C. = ita utei eis e re publica fideque sua videatur. Censuere

  16. The abbreviations of codes in the Roman Era fancie(n)tes triduu(m) quaeda(m) co(m)pulsus Titus Livius, book XXXIV (E.L. 56)

  17. The abbreviations of letters in the Roman Era s(alutem) d(eicit) Letter; 1st century B.C. (E.L. 19)

  18. A good invention by Cicero’s scribe

  19. The Tironian notes’ alphabet

  20. Tironian notes - some examples

  21. Tironian notes - some examples

  22. Syllabic notes Sil-ve–ster–Ger–ber–tus ro –ma-nus e-pis-co-pus

  23. Tironian notes and Syllabic notes = m – p- um = mu – ni – ci- pi - um

  24. The Notae iuris Abbreviations used in the juridical codesto express both juridical and not juridical terms

  25. The Notae iuris q(uod) e(t) et(iam) q(ue) Verona, I (1), Appendix to fragment IV (ll. XI-XIII), ChLA 475

  26. Abbreviationsfrom the Islands

  27. Examples of codes with insularabbreviations Milan, Ambros. C. 5 inf.; 7th century (A.D. 680-691) (ChLA 311)

  28. Examplesofcodeswithinsularabbreviations Naples, IV A. 8 (ll.1-39); 8th century; insular script from Bobbio (ChLA 400)

  29. The Carolingian unity The Angelica Code

  30. Abbreviations in the age of Scholasticism

  31. Abbreviations in the ageof the Press

  32. Abbreviations types

  33. Suspension = s(cilicet) = mill(esimo) = cent(esimo)

  34. Suspension = voce(m) = tradim(us) = cart(ula)

  35. Contraction = e(ss)e = ip(s)e = do(n)no

  36. Contraction = s(an)c(t)i = t(em)p(or)e = acc(i)o(n)e

  37. Symbolicelementsofanabbreviation = dot = dot above comma = comma or apostrophe = horizontal stroke

  38. Symbolicelementsofanabbreviation = other shapes of the horizontal stroke

  39. Abbreviation strokes with a specific meaning = m, n = con, com, cum, cun = us, os, is, s = ur, tur, er = rum = et

  40. Superscript letters

  41. = a(nim)a = a(nima)l = a(u)t

  42. = p(r)a = sup(r)a = p(r)i = p(r)iori(s) = sac(r)i = c(r)i

  43. = a(li)q(u)is = a(l)iq(u)as = a(l)iq(u)o

  44. Syllabic abbreviations

  45. - am, - an - em, - en

  46. - ber - bus

  47. con, com cum, cun

  48. de dum

  49. in

  50. lis, lum, lus(end of the word) el, le, lu (in the middle of the word)

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