Person Perception

1. Person Perception • Asch’s Gestalt Model of Person Perception • intelligent, skillfull, industrious, cold, determined, practical, cautious • intelligent, skillfull, industrious, warm, determined, practical, cautious • Things that matter in perception • order a word occurs • context of the other words • Asch argues this shows that people formed a Gestalt of the person

2. Perceiving Non-Verbal Behavior • Across cultures there is a common perception of emotion that goes with certain facial expressions for at least six emotions • happy, angry, sad, surprise, disgust, fear • We also pay attention to body language • One area where non-verbal information plays a critical role is in the detection of deception

3. Heider Phenomenlogical Model • We make attributions to predict the world • Brunswick Lens Model - The perceiver shapes reality through the lense of their beliefs and preconceptions • Attributions about Causality • Locus of Causality - Internal vs. External • the person or the situation • Attributions of Responsibility • Intention and foreknowledge • note this is not the same as attributions of causality although in practice we often confuse these

4. Jones & Davis Correspondent Inference Theory • When someone does something is it a reflection of who they are? Do you make a correpondent inference. • Factors we consider • choice • expectedness • noncommon effects

5. Kelley’s Covariation Model • We make attributions based on the covariation principle - a cause must be present when an event occurs and absent when it doesn’t occur • He says we use three kinds of covariation information • Consensus information - what do other people in general say about the event • Distinctiveness - what does this person say about other events • Consistency - what does this person say • Now How do you put these things together