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Bell Work. What is the difference between protons, neutrons, and electrons? What are the three classes of elements?. Physical Science – Lecture 32. Introduction to Periodic Table. Review from Yesterday. What are atoms? What are the three subatomic particles? What are elements?
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Bell Work • What is the difference between protons, neutrons, and electrons? • What are the three classes of elements?
Physical Science – Lecture 32 Introduction to Periodic Table
Review from Yesterday • What are atoms? • What are the three subatomic particles? • What are elements? • What are the main parts of a periodic square? • What is the difference between atomic numbers and atomic masses?
Periodic Law • Law that states that the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
Labeling the Periodic Table • Groups are numbered 1-18 • Periods are numbered 1-7
Groups and Families • Columns of elements in the periodic table
Periods • Horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.
Groups on the Table • Elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number. • Breaks in the table are assigned to help line up elements in a certain way (periodic law).
Alkali Metals • Group 1; has 1 valence electron.
Alkaline earth metal • Group 2; has 2 valence electrons.
Transition metal – elements in the middle of the table that have properties of metals but do not belong to a specific group.
Boron family • Group 13; has 3 valence electrons.
Carbon family • Group 14; has 4 valence electrons.
Nitrogen family • Group 15; has 5 valence electrons.
Oxygen family • Group 16; has 6 valence electrons.
Halogen family • Group 17; has 7 valence electrons; most reactive of all groups.
Noble (inert) gas • Group 18; has 8 valence electrons; generally non-reactive elements.
Rare-earth element • General term for any element in the lanthanide or actinide series.
Lanthanoid (lanthanide) series • first row of rare-earth elements.
Actinoid (actinide) series • second row of the rare-earth elements.
Pop Quiz • Remember to put the NAME, DATE, and PERIOD in the upper right hand corner if you do not want 5 points taken off.
Label the Diagram 1 2 3 4
Label the Diagram 5 6 7 8
Question 9 • What is the difference between groups/families and periods on the periodic table?
Question 10 • What is the difference between atomic numbers and atomic masses? Be as specific as possible.