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HHI Contributions to WP 6 Deliverable D24

HHI Contributions to WP 6 Deliverable D24. Optical layer of multi-service/multi-layer networks with focus on optical bypass nodes: Description and analysis of various wavelength switching node architectures Alternative technological options Analysis of the architectures

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HHI Contributions to WP 6 Deliverable D24

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  1. HHI Contributions to WP 6 Deliverable D24 NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  2. Optical layer of multi-service/multi-layer networks with focus on optical bypass nodes: • Description and analysis of various wavelength switching node architectures • Alternative technological options • Analysis of the architectures • Detailed description of the architectures • Comparison and assessment of the solutions • Evolutionary trends • Multi granular (waveband, wavelength) optical architectures • Technological options, hardware complexity • Wavelength conversion • Potential benefit • Specific Component Analyses • Tunable Transmitters, tunable filters, wavelength converters NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  3. OXC without wavelength conversion Small space switches • Transparent • Moderately large space switches • End-to-end wavelength assignment • Switching time > 1- 10 ms,limited by space switch • Granularity: wavelengths,wavelength bands, fibers • Not blocking free on wavelength level • Possible technologies • Switch Fabric • 2D/3D MEMS • Mux/Demux • AWG (Silica,Si) NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  4. Special cases for A2: • Space switch is built with small MEMS switches • Space switch is built with a B&S architecture and blocking switches NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  5. Motivation for multi granular (waveband, wavelength) OXC • Smaller overall size at (nearly) equivalent performance • Better scalability • Smaller size of individual optical switch fabrics • Simpler upgrade • Simpler management NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  6. Characteristics of Multi-Granularity OXC • Node Architecture • Single layer, concurrent switching of bands and wavelength • Hierarchical, multistage multiplexing and switching • Capacity • Number of fibers, wavelengths • Capacity of local add/drop ports, granularity levels • Capacity ratios • Relative size of waveband switch to wavelength switch • Transparency • Waveband switch optically transparent / waveband converters • Wavelength switch transparent/with wavelength converters/opaque • Number of wavelength per band/ Number of bands NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  7. Hierachical combination of optical cross connects Switching at different granularity levels: Wavelengths Wavelengthbands Fibers Different losses (signal quality) for switched fibers, wavebands, wavelengths Source: Multi-Granularity Optical Cross-Connect L. Noirie, C.Blaizot, E. Dotaro; Alcatel, France;ECOC 2000, Proceedings Vol 3, pp 269-270 NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  8. No flexible change of granularity, Wavebands and wavelengths pre-designated All signals pass switching fabric only once, same optical losses for all signals Simpler than hierarchical counterpart Can be even more efficient than hierarchical counterpart Single-layer, multi-granular OXC Waveband add/drop Waveband Switch Wavelength switch Wavelength add/drop NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  9. L. Noirie,The road towards all-optical networks, OFC 2003, Vol 23, pp 615-616 NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  10. Flexible choice of wavebands, to be switched on wavelength level One larger size WB-switch Cyclic wavelength muxdemux needed wavelength stage l-switch WB-switch waveband stage MG-OXC with cyclic MUX/DMUX cyclic l-MUX/DMUX WBl waveband MUX/DMUX FWB Input fibre NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  11. Analysis and comparison of different architectures of MG optical nodes: • Hardware complexity / Cost • Port count • Component count • Key components • Switch fabrics (2D/3D MEMS) • Band multiplexers • Cyclic AWG (for MUX/DeMux of wavelength from any waveband) • Physical Limitations • Causes of degradation • Loss, loss differences (especially hierarchical switch), crosstalk • Maximum capacity NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  12. Comparision of different node architectures: • 4 fibres, 8 wavebands, 8 l/waveband  256 channels • 50% add/drop traffic • equal partition of band and wavelength switching NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich 2) for square matrices

  13. Key components for MG-switching nodes: requirements, characteristics, availability • Band multiplexer/demultiplexer • Thin film interference filter is preferred technology • Steep edges compared to filter bandwidth • Guard band, skipping of wavelengths between bands • Available from several vendors • Cyclic multiplexers/demultiplexers • Cyclic characteristic over all bands • No guard bands • Wavelength band converters (rather exotic till now) • Signal quality (noise figure, distortion) • Complexity NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  14. Filter Components - banded filter • cascaded configuration for Waveband MUX/DMUX 4 skip 0 4 skip 0 4 skip 0 4 skip 0 NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  15. Filter Components - banded filter • Thin film interference filter is preferred technology • various configurations possible (n-skip-m notation) • 25 GHz: 8skip1, 16skip3, 39skip4, 78skip8 • 50 GHz: 4skip0, 7skip1, 8skip1, 8skip2, 16skip3 • 100 GHz: 2skip0, 4skip1, 4skip0, 5skip1, 8skip2 • 200 GHz: 4skip2, 4skip1, 4skip0 • Steep edges compared to filter bandwidth (esp. nskip0 type) • Guard band, skipping of wavelengths between bands • Loss, ripple, dispersion • Available from several vendors (Bookham, JDSU, Avanex, …) NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  16. 8-skip-8x50 GHz Demux Spectrum Transmission [dB] Frequency [THz] Filter Components – colourless (cyclic) AWG MUX/DMUX l1 ... l8 l9 ... l16 · · l1, l9, ... cyclic AWG l8, l16, ... Source: Gemfire Corp. NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  17. Filter Components – colourless (cyclic) AWG MUX/DMUX • Silica on silicon technology • Available from different sources (ANDevices, NeoPhotonics, …) • various configurations available • 4, 8, 16 channels • 50 and 100 GHz channel spacing • Available without guard bands • Issues: • Filter order limited 5…8 NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  18. Contribution to D24: • Physical layer analysis of multi-granular switching nodes • Key components • Definition of requirements • State of the art characteristics • Availability • Assessment of reduction in hardware complexity • Port count • Component count • (Cost estimate) • Physical limitations, scalability NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

  19. Specific Component analysis • Tunable Lasers (Transponders) • Tunable optical filters • Requirements • State of the art characteristics • Newest developments NOBEL WP 6 Meeting June 13-15, 2005 Munich

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