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The Three Major Economic Systems

The Three Major Economic Systems . Command, Market and Mixed Economies . Guess The Economic System. China United States Germany South Africa Canada . Answers . China-Mixed Economy (Leans toward Command) United States-Mixed Economy (Leans toward Market) Germany-Mixed Economy

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The Three Major Economic Systems

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  1. The Three Major Economic Systems Command, Market and Mixed Economies

  2. Guess The Economic System • China • United States • Germany • South Africa • Canada

  3. Answers • China-Mixed Economy (Leans toward Command) • United States-Mixed Economy (Leans toward Market) • Germany-Mixed Economy • South Africa-Mixed Economy • Canada-Mixed Economy • Did these answers surprise you? Why or Why not?

  4. Command Economy • The economy is run by an authority and not the market. • The authority tells people what to make, how to make it and how much to make. • The authority controls the economy through quotas, rationing and price and wage controls.

  5. Purposes of a Command Economy • Maximize resource mobilization for the benefit of the country • Radically transform the socio-economic system for better economic equality • Organize the economy

  6. Pros of a Command Economy • Effective and rapid economic modernization. • Attempted economic equality

  7. Cons of a Command Economy • Inefficiency of economy • No “material incentive” or “profit motive”

  8. Two Questions About Command Economies • Why might people want a Command Economy? • Why aren’t there more Command Economies in the World?

  9. Market Economy • Market economies emphasize private property, self interest and freedom of enterprise and choice • This is accomplished through limited governmental role in the economy, no price controls and promotion of competition.

  10. Purposes of a Market Economy • Full Employment • Low Inflation • Economic Growth • Efficiency of the Economy

  11. Pros of a Market Economy • Efficiency in producing what people want to buy at the lowest cost • Promote economic growth • Free entry and exit of businesses

  12. Cons of a Market Economy • Low Economic Equality • Full Employment?

  13. Two Questions About Market Economies • How does a Market Economy fulfill its purposes? • Why would the purposes of a Market Economy be necessary in a modern economy?

  14. Mixed Economy • Hard to define • But, it combines economic freedom with government regulation • People have the freedom to produce what they want in the manner they want • The government can regulate businesses, like passing minimum wage laws

  15. Purpose of a Mixed Economy • Have the public and private sector work harmoniously together • Businesses can perform efficiently while the government can make sure those businesses are being fair and to limit negative externalities

  16. Pros of a Mixed Economy • Allows for competition among businesses • But, government regulation protects the public from the worst aspects of economic freedom. • Taxes help pay for government programs

  17. Cons of a Mixed Economy • The wrong regulation can be catastrophic to the economy • Businesses have nosay in how much they get taxed

  18. Two Questions About Mixed Economies • Why would businesses need regulation? • How does a Mixed Economy limit the worst aspects of a Command Economy and a Market Economy?

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