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Last Word: No homework

FrontPage : Turn in your homework to the back box. You are now done with the 9-week grading period. Last Word: No homework. Key Issues in the Israeli/Palestinian Conflict. Key Issues. Land and the “Occupation” Settlements Refugees Jerusalem The Security Barrier.

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Last Word: No homework

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  1. FrontPage: Turn in your homework to the back box. You are now done with the 9-week grading period. Last Word: No homework

  2. Key Issues in the Israeli/Palestinian Conflict

  3. KeyIssues • Land and the “Occupation” • Settlements • Refugees • Jerusalem • The Security Barrier

  4. Land and the “Occupation” • This is the heart of the conflict • Jews believe the area of Israel/Palestine was promised to them by God to Abraham • Also based on the need for a haven for Jews of the Diaspora (the “scattering”) • Palestinian claims on the land are based on residence in the area for hundreds of years • Palestinians also comprise the demographic majority

  5. British mandate of Palestine before WWII

  6. UN Plan for Partition • After WWII, the UN recommended that Palestine be separated • Israeli state (tan) • Palestinian state (purple) • After British troops leave in 1948, war breaks out…

  7. After the 1948 War of Independence • Israel drives out the attackers…occupies most of Palestine • Egypt takes GazaStrip • Jordan controls WestBank • Hundreds of thousands of Palestinian refugees flee Israel for surrounding areas

  8. The 6 Day War • Israel makes major territorial gains • Takes GazaStrip and SinaiPeninsula from Egypt • Takes GolanHeights from Syria • Takes W. Bank from Jordan • Seizes EastJerusalem

  9. The “Occupation” • The two regions of the GazaStrip and the WestBank of the Jordan River were/are considered “occupied territories”. • Israel has “occupied” or “liberated” these territories since 1967. • Many nations consider these two territories to be land for a “Palestinianstate”. **They will be at the center of the debate over a possible “homeland” for Palestinians. • Recently (2005), Israel ended its occupation of the GazaStrip

  10. “Occupied Territories”

  11. The CampDavidAccords (1979) • Signed between AnwarSadat (Egypt) and MenachimBegin (Israel) **First Arab-Israeli peace treaty • Egypt agrees to recognize (accept) existence of Israel • Israel agrees to return control of Sinai to Egypt **Many Arab nations were angry with this agreement

  12. The Oslo Accords (1993) • Signed between Rabin (Israel) and Arafat (PLO) • Israel and PLO agree to recognize each other. • PLO promises to stop attacking Israel • Israel agrees to withdraw from occupied territories **They return later in response to terrorist activities • Arafat becomes head of PalestinianAuthority – group responsible for controlling the Palestinian territories

  13. Current borders of Israel

  14. Unresolved Issues • Settlements, Refugees and Jerusalem

  15. Settlements • Israelis have built “settlements”, or housing developments, in many areas of the West Bank and Gaza Strip (**now dismantled) • Some of these settlements are considered illegal under UN resolutions

  16. Settlements

  17. The “Refugee Question” • Refugees: Those who fled Palestine after the creation of Israel in 1948 • Located in refugee camps in several places outside Israel • West Bank, Gaza, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, the Sinai • The “RightofReturn” to their homes and lands is a key issue of contention

  18. Refugees • Refugee camps were supposed to be temporary places for Palestinians • Have become permanent settlements for generations of Palestinians

  19. The Question of Jerusalem • The center of three religious: Christianity, Judaism and Islam • East Jerusalem is home to sacred sites of all three • Both Palestinians and Israelis would like to make Jerusalem the capital city of their nations.

  20. Holy Sites in Jerusalem

  21. TempleMount or HaramalSharif • Judaism: • Site of the First and Second Temple in ancient times • known in Jewish tradition as the "abode of God's presence". • Islam: • Called the “Noble Sanctuary” • One of the three most important sites in Islam

  22. The Western (“Wailing”) Wall • Judaism • The holiest site in the Jewish faith • Believed to be the remains of the first and second Jewish temples

  23. Dome of the Rock • Islam • Believe that this is the place where Muhammad ascended into heaven

  24. The Al-Aqsa Mosque • Islam: • the third holiest mosque in Islam. • The mosque was the first direction of prayer, before Mecca in western Saudi Arabia became the focal point of Muslim worship.

  25. One additional issue:The Security Barrier • Israel has planned and begun construction on a security wall around sections of the West Bank • Also referred to as the “ApartheidWall” • Aim is to provide a barrier between Palestinians and Israelis to prevent attacks • Construction is underway in the West Bank • Some parts are completed

  26. The Security Barrier

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