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March 31, 2014

March 31, 2014. When you come in: Clear desk and get writing utensil Turn in religion notes, missing work Fill in table of contents. Today we will: Hinduism C-notes Finish yesterdays assignment (if time) Missing work (if time). Announcements. Turn in missing work to the tray!

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March 31, 2014

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  1. March 31, 2014 • When you come in: • Clear desk and get writing utensil • Turn in religion notes, missing work • Fill in table of contents Today we will: Hinduism C-notes Finish yesterdays assignment (if time) Missing work (if time)

  2. Announcements • Turn in missing work to the tray! • If you turn in it, cross off your name.

  3. Learning Target • I will understand the basic beliefs of the religions in east Asia and how they religions have influenced the region’s history, culture, and politics.

  4. Write the RED • You only need to write what is in red. • Do not talk. • Put your pencil down when finished.

  5. What is Hinduism? • One of the oldest religions of humanity • The religion of the Indian people • Gave birth to Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism • Tolerance and diversity: "Truth is one, paths are many" • Many deities but a single, impersonal Ultimate Reality • A philosophy and a way of life – focused both on this world and beyond

  6. How did Hinduism begin? • No founder • Indus River Valley Civilization >5000 years ago • Aryans enter 4000 - 3500 years ago • Vedic Tradition 3500 – 2500 years ago: • rituals and many gods (polytheism) • sacred texts (Vedas) • social levels(caste system) • Upanishads (metaphysical philosophy) 2800 – 2400 years ago • Vedic Tradition develops into Hinduism

  7. What are the Sacred Texts? • Shruti (“heard”) – oldest, most authoritative: • Four Vedas (“truth”) – myths, rituals, chants • Vedas is the main Holy Book • Plus other texts • Smriti (“remembered”) – the Great Indian stories

  8. What do Hindus believe? • One impersonal Ultimate Reality (big god) – Brahman • Manifest as many personal deities (little gods) • True essence of life – Atman, the soul, is Brahman trapped in matter (“That art thou”) • Reincarnation – Being reborn • The consequences of your past decisions have determined your present state • Karma – Every person gets what that person deserves

  9. How does Hinduism directlife in this world? • Respect for all life – vegetarian • Human life as supreme: • Four “stations” of life (Caste) - priests & teachers, nobles & warriors, merchant class, servant class • Four stages of life – student, householder, retired, renunciant • Four duties of life – pleasure, success, social responsibilities, religious responsibilities (moksha)

  10. Caste system • each of the hereditary classes of Hindu society, distinguished by relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution and of social status.

  11. Brahmin • the seers, the reflective ones, the priests. • The intellectual and spiritual leaders.In our society, they would correspond to the philosophers, religious leaders, and teachers.

  12. Kshatriyas "kshotreeyahs" • the born administrators (formerly nobles, rajahs, and warriors). • The protectors of societyIn our society: the politicians, police, and the military

  13. Vaisyas"vysy us" • producers, the craftsmen, artisans, farmers. • The skillful producers of material things.In our society: the merchants, entrepreneurs, business people

  14. Shudras "shoo drrahs" • unskilled laborers or laboring class. • The custodians or the maintenance people.The construction workers or hard laborers.

  15. Dalits • These are people so low that they are outside the system

  16. Castes today • It is illegal to discriminate based on caste • Dalits, untouchables, have been elected presidents and prime ministers • Laws help Dalits move up in society • There is still tension between the groups

  17. Who do Hindus worship? – Brahma, the creator god

  18. Who do Hindus worship? – the major gods of the Hindu Pantheon Vishnu, the preserver god Incarnates as ten avatars (descents) including: Rama (featured in the Ramayana) Krishna (featured in the Mahabharata) (Each shown with his consort, Sita and Radha, respectively)

  19. Who do Hindus worship? – the major gods of the Hindu Pantheon Shiva, god of constructive destruction(the transformer) Appears as Shiva Nataraj,lord of the dance of creation… and with his wife, Parvati, and son Ganesha

  20. All these deities are but Manifest forms (attributes and functions) of the impersonal Brahman

  21. And we too are manifest forms of God! “We are not human beingshaving spiritual experiences;We are spiritual beingshaving a human experience!” “That art Thou” Hinduism is about recognizing the all pervasiveness of the divine

  22. Now what? • Work on fill in the blank notes from yesterday • Turn in to tray • Work on any missing assignments • Turn in to tray

  23. What can I do?

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