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5 th Annual Meeting of the Washington Group on Disability Statistics

Learn about the significance of Disability Statistics in the Philippines, data sources, activities related to statistics, and findings from pilot initiatives for gathering disability information.

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5 th Annual Meeting of the Washington Group on Disability Statistics

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  1. Presented by: CARMELITA N. ERICTA Administrator, PNSO 5th Annual Meeting of the Washington Group on Disability Statistics Philippines National Statistics Office

  2. Importance of Disability Statistics The Philippines recognizes the importance of Disability Statistics: • In formulating plans for rehabilitation, education and development of the “physically challenged” individuals. • In the establishment of more government-subsidized institutions that would cater to the promotion of physical, emotional, and psycho-social well-being of disabled persons

  3. Source of Disability Statistics • The primary source of information on the size, distribution and characteristics of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in the Philippines is the Census of Population and Housing (CPH). • Data items for capturing Disability Statistics was first introduced during the Census of Population and Housing in 1990.

  4. Source of Disability Statistics • For this census, disabilityrefers to any restriction or lack of ability (resulting from an impairment) to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for human being. • Based on the 2000 Census of Population (CPH) and Housing results, the proportion of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in the Philippines was registered at 1.23 percent.

  5. Activities Related to Disability Statistics The Philippines National Statistics Office (PNSO) undertook some testing for an effective data gathering for Disability Statistics. A. Pretests and Pilot Census for the 2005 Census of Population (POPCEN 2005). B. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  6. Pretest and Pilot Activities A series of pretests and Pilot census were conducted to test the effectiveness of the disability questions as well as other data items to be collected in the 2005 POPCEN

  7. Main Findings • The word ”disability” in the heading of the question has somehow affected the way the question is asked by the enumerators. Thus, it was recommended to use “functional difficulty” as replacement for the word “disability” to avoid bias • Extensive consultation and partnership with other agencies and the local government units were seen as essential strategies to ensure the success of the undertaking.

  8. Does ____________ have difficulty/problem in Yes No 1. Seeing ? 2. Communication? 3. Hearing ? 4. Mental behavior ? 5. Managing daily routine/moving/self-care? Pilot Census Disability question for the Pilot Census:

  9. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • The field test conducted for WHO/UNESCAP provided insights as to the proper way of asking questions and clearer concepts and procedures to follow in collecting information on disability. • It was conducted from May 30 to June 19, 2005 in five barangays (smallest political unit in the Philippines).

  10. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • From the sample households, all members aged 18 years old and over were taken as respondents. • There were 1,057 respondents interviewed from 345 households. • Data were collected through a personal interview of the respondents. • The questionnaire was translated in Filipino language.

  11. Results of the Pretest

  12. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • The odd-even household serial number (household’s unique identification) scheme adopted for determining which sample households will be assigned with a particular version resulted in 52.60 percent of interviews using Questionnaire Version A and 47.40 percent using Questionnaire Version B.

  13. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • Only 2.08 percent of interviews were conducted to proxy respondents. Proxy respondents responded on behalf of the original respondents who in a way or another, had difficulty communicating due to health condition, language barrier or disability.

  14. Profile of the Respondents of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • There were more female respondents than males (58.18 %)

  15. Profile of the Respondents of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • Around 35.57 percent of the respondents are less than 30 years old. • Those 62 years old and above comprised for 9.27 percent. • The median age is 36 years old.

  16. Profile of the Respondents of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  17. Profile of the Respondents of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • The largest proportion of respondents (28.57 percent) had spent 10 years in school, which is equivalent to high school completion in the Philippines. • Those who spent six years accounted for 14.57 percent. • Respondents with more than 17 years spent in school made up of 2.55 percent. “Cannot remember” reached 1.42 percent. These are the respondents who could not remember the number of years they spent in school, college or university.

  18. Profile of the Respondents of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  19. Profile of the Respondents of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • More than half of the respondents are currently married (59.60 percent). • Less than half of that (25.54 percent) are never married.

  20. Profile of the Respondents of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • Majority of the respondents were employed either as paid workers (34.25 percent) or self-employed (22.71 percent). • There were 25.83 percent who identified themselves as housekeepers/homemakers. • Few were students at 4.07 percent. • However, 8.80 percent of the respondents were unemployed for health and other reasons.

  21. Profile of the Respondents of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  22. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • Close to 80 percent of the respondents indicated no difficulty in seeing (W1), hearing (W2), walking or climbing steps (W3), remembering or concentrating (W4), washing all over or dressing (W5) and communicating (W6). • There are fewer respondents (below three percent) who experienced a lot of difficulties in the said activities while others are unable to perform said activities.

  23. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  24. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing • The highest number of respondents who suffered mild and moderate difficulties on their specific body functions at 35.57 percent and 16.18 percent, respectively, referred to bodily aches and pains (B1.1). • Sleeping problems (B1.15) got the most number of respondents with severe difficulty at 4.07 percent while 0.85 percent of the respondents have extreme difficulty in seeing and recognizing an object at arm’s length or in reading (B1.7). • Those who replied that coughing or wheezing for 10 minutes or more at a time (B1.14) is not applicable (NA) reached 1.42 percent. Those were the individuals who did not experience the said difficulty within the reference period.

  25. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  26. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  27. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Understanding and Communication • There were respondents who experienced mild, moderate to severe difficulty in analyzing and finding solutions to problems in day to day life (D1.3) with 28.19 percent, 14.85 percent and 2.65 percent, respectively. • 1.32 percent had extreme difficulty in learning a new task (D1.4). • 0.09 percent of the respondents refused to answer items D1.3 to D1.6 because he/she found these questions to be redundant and repetitive.

  28. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  29. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Getting Around • Almost 60 percent of the respondents had no difficulty in getting around. • From mild to moderate difficulties, there were respondents who experienced them both in standing for long periods (D2.1) at 21.76 percent and 12.30 percent, respectively. • Posted at 3.97 percent and 2.37 percent, respectively, these respondents revealed to have severe and extreme difficulties in walking a long distance (D2.5).

  30. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  31. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Self Care • Most of the respondents replied that they did not have difficulty in taking care of themselves. However, there were also respondents who reported to have mild to extreme difficulty in staying alone for a few days (D3.4).

  32. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Getting Along With People • Majority of the respondents, at least 60 percent, had no difficulty in getting along with people. There were respondents who experienced difficulty from mild to extreme in dealing with people they did not know (D4.1). A 24.03 percent of the total number of respondents claimed the question on sexual activities was not applicable to them.

  33. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Life Activities • Majority of the respondents (at least 57.99 percent), declared that they did not have difficulty in these particular life activities. • On the contrary, 22.33 percent, 12.11 percent and 1.04 percent attested to have mild, moderate and severe difficulties in taking care of their household responsibilities (D5.1). • 1.14 percent of the total number of respondents experienced extreme difficulty in getting all the household work done that they needed to do (D5.3).

  34. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Life Activities • 19 percent of the total number of respondents reported that questions on work and school related activities (D5.5 to D5.8) were not applicable to them. These were respondents who were either keeping the house/homemaker or unemployed.

  35. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  36. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Participation in Society • More than 60 percent of the respondents found no problem in participation in society. • There were respondents (21.67 percent) who were mildly affected emotionally by their health condition (D6.5). • There were also 11.64 percent and 2.93 percent of the total number of respondents whose financial resources were moderately and severely affected by their health condition (D6.6). • Another 1.14 percent of the respondents acknowledged having extreme difficulty in joining community activities (D6.1).

  37. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  38. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Need for Assistance • Most of the respondents reported no assistance needed. But there were 6.72 percent of the respondents who sometimes needed assistance for communication activities (E3). A few respondents (1.61 percent) admitted they always needed assistance for the same activity.

  39. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Need for Assistance • Although most of them needed no help or supervision (E4a is Yes for no need for help or supervision) with 88.84 percent. • A few needed help or supervision due to short-term health condition (E4b) with 4.54 percent. • Caused by long-term health condition (E4c) with 2.55 percent. • By reason of disability (E4d) with 1.99 percent. • Because of old or young age (E4e) with 3.97 percent and • On account of difficulty with the language (E4f) with 4.07 percent.

  40. Results of the WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing

  41. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W1. Do you have difficulty seeing, even if wearing glasses? B1.6 How much difficulty did you have in seeing and recognizing a person you know across the road? (take into account eye glasses, if you wear them) Read the brackets if you see respondent wearing glasses.

  42. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W1. Do you have difficulty seeing, even if wearing glasses? B1.7 How much difficulty did you have in seeing and recognizing an object at arm’s length or in reading? (take into account eye glasses, if you wear them) Read the brackets if you see respondent wearing glasses.

  43. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W2 Do you have difficulty hearing, even if using a hearing aid? B1.8 How much difficulty did you have in hearing someone talking on the other side of the room in a normal voice? (take into account hearing aids, if you use them) Read the brackets if you see respondent using hearing aid..

  44. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W2 Do you have difficulty hearing, even if using a hearing aid? B1.9 How much difficulty did you have in hearing what is said in a conversation with one other person in a quiet room?(take into account hearing aids, if you use them) Read the brackets if you see respondent using hearing aid..

  45. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W2 Do you have difficulty hearing, even if using a hearing aid? D1.5 How much difficulty did you have in generally understanding what people say?

  46. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W2 Do you have difficulty hearing, even if using a hearing aid? D1.6 How much difficulty did you have in starting and maintaining a conversation?

  47. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W2 Do you have difficulty hearing, even if using a hearing aid? E3 Do you ever need someone to help with, or be with you for, communication activities? For example: understanding, or being understood by, others.

  48. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W3. Do you have difficulty walking or climbing steps? D2.5 How much difficulty did you have inwalking a long distance such as a kilometre [or equivalent]?

  49. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W3. Do you have difficulty walking or climbing steps? E2 Do you ever need someone to help with, or be with you for, body movement activities? For example: getting out of bed, moving around at home or at places away from home.

  50. WHO/UNESCAP Disability Question Set Testing Philippines: Cross tabulation of Question Set 1 (WG) and Question Set 2 (WHO/UNESCAP) (n = 1,057) W4 Do you have difficulty remembering or concentrating? D1.1 How much difficulty did you have inconcentrating on doing something for ten minutes?

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