Huang Lican lchuang@cs.zju

1. Scalable Grid system– VDHA_Grid:an e-Science Grid with virtual and dynamic hierarchical architecture Huang Lican lchuang@cs.zju.edu.cn College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University

2. The mode of Grid computing is client/server at present. • It is not scalable. Scalability is the most challengeable problem of Grid computing • P2P computing is scalable but it does not fulfill the requirements of Grid computing • We want something which has P2P properties and also is easily managed and implemented • Virtual and Dynamic hierarchical architecture is just the thing we want. Backgroud College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

3. Combine advantages of P2P and C/S • Satisfy the scalable and dynamical requirements of Grid Advantages of VDHA College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

4. dynamic and virtual hierarchical architecture to satisfy • the requirements of Grid computing. • Client end (client host) accesses Grid system via a node • (called as entrance node). • The nodes are grouped virtually. • Nodes can join the group and leave the group dynamically. • The groups are virtually hierarchical, with one root-layer, • several middle-layers, and many leaf virtual groups • (these groups are called VOs). • Among the nodes of VOs, one（just one）node • (called as gateway node) in each group is chosen • to form upper-layer groups, from the nodes of • these upper-layer groups to form upper-upper-layer Overview of Virtual and Dynamic Hierarchical Architecture (VDHA) College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

5. Network Structure of VDHA_Grid College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

6. Structure of VDHA College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

7. Grid node: node in the Grid system Entrancenode :a Grid node which is an entrance point for users to login into the Grid system Owned node: a Grid node which manages the users User: role which uses the Grid Client host: an apparatus used by users to login into the Grid system and to do the business. Gateway node: a Grid node which takes coordinate functions in several different layer virtual groups Virtual group: a group virtually formed by the Grid nodes Coordinatorofvirtual group : a gateway node taking coordinate functions in the virtual group Virtual group tree: a hierarchical tree formed by virtual groups Some concepts of VDHA College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

8. VDHAis a virtual group tree with depth of at least two layers. VDHA has dynamic properties in the number of grid nodes, layers and virtual groups, virtual group compositions, and so on. Definition of VDHA College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

9. If there are any changes in any nodes such as a node’s joining or leaving, these changes are forwarded to gateway node, which forwards this change information to all the nodes in the two neighboring layer groups. if there is any status changed needed to change gateway node, online node with maximum weight value is chosen as the new gateway node. Grid Group Management Protocol(GGMP)—maintaining the virtual group tree College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

10. Unlike Web service and Globus, VDHA_Grid • Publishes and registers the service into the owner • Node by the administrator of the node itself. • service description is based on RDF. • Service discovery is scalable. Time, space and • message_cost Complexity is salable, and the • Implementation is also scalable. Scalable service discovery College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

11. Grid Service Description Framework (GSDF) and ontology-based Grid service description language Must answer the following questions: (1) How does QDP use GSDF to find the services? (2) What protocol does the service bind and how does the protocol marshals? (3) How does SLMS use GSDF to implement the services? (4) How does the service account? (5) How does the service grant access right (authorization)? (6) What QoS does the service support? College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

12. Full Search Query and Discovery Protocol (FSQDP) Query and Discovery Protocol(QDP) College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

13. FSQDP performance Influence of number of nodes in a virtual group on the time response (suppose all virtual group has the same number of nodes) College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

14. FSQDP performance -continue influence of number of layers on the time response College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

15. Domain-Specific Query and Discovery Protocol (DSQDP) Query and Discovery Protocol(QDP) College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

16. DSQDP FSQDP Query and Discovery Protocol(QDP) --complexity 1 4 2 5 3 6 College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

17. VDHA_Grid has the following properties: • Nodes in the Grid system are trusted with each other. • Only user and node have certificates • (3) Users are managed by their owner nodes • Grid nodes are grouped as virtual organizations (VO). • These VOs are hierarchically grouped as virtual groups (VG). • All nodes and VO or VGs have global identification names • (the nodes ID may be Internet IP address, IDs of VOs or VGs are similar to DNS). • The schema of mapping global entities to local entities is very easy. • (local entity plus node name and VO path tree in virtual group tree forms globe entity Scalable Grid Security Infrastructure College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

18. Scalable Grid Security Infrastructure: log on Authentication College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

19. Step1: the user gets access to client from which the user proxy is to be created , clientgenerate Reqmessage; Ow-public (user-private (authen-inf,user-credential)) Send (Reqmessage1, cli, ent); Step2: Send (Reqmessage1, ent, ow); Step3: User-public (ow-private (authen-inf1, user-credential 1)) Check Address-header with user-credential Check authen-inf ow-private (user-private(user-credential) ) Send (resultmessage, ow, ent); Send (resultmessage, ent, cli); Scalable Grid Security Infrastructure: log on Authentication College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

20. Scalable Grid Security Infrastructure: Access control College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

21. VDHA_Grid prototype implementation College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

22. java implementation College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

23. VDHA_GRID mainframe java implementation College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University

24. Client_API java implementation College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University

25. A scenario of service consuming and providing

26. Decentralized design and autonomy • scalability • Mobile computing and huge network • High performance and full discovery of resources and services • Fault-tolerance Features of VDHA_Grid College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

27. CASE study(Chinese University e-Science Grid CUEG) College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

28. The virtual research projects granted by MOE • aimed to enhance the science and technology research by virtual cooperation via Internet. ( information sharing and cooperation research) • Its nodes are usually located in the Universities or Institutes. ( present, most of servers are PC servers ) • The nodes are relative stable compared with other type Grids. • The Universities are always formed into • virtual organizers according to specific domains, • (especially key labs) • several virtual organizers • share a more general common domain. What is CUEG？ College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

29. Case : heterogeneous information sharing College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

30. VDHA can solve the scale and autonomy problems • VDHA has mobile computing property. • VDHA has high performance and full discovery • of resources and services. • VDHA may easily manage privileges and roles of users. • VDHA satisfies the needs of Grid about • security and authentication Conclusion College of Computer Science ,Zhejiang University

31. Thanks