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The English Colonies in America. The Thirteen Colonies. New England Colonies. Colonists came for religious freedom Farming was difficult because of long, cold winters and rocky soil Economy – subsistence farming, lumbering, shipbuilding, fishing, and trade. New England Colonies.
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The English Colonies in America The Thirteen Colonies
New England Colonies • Colonists came for religious freedom • Farming was difficult because of long, cold winters and rocky soil • Economy – subsistence farming, lumbering, shipbuilding, fishing, and trade
New England Colonies • Massachusetts • Pilgrims – 1620 – landed at Plymouth • Half died of malnutrition, disease, and cold
Massachusetts • Mayflower Compact – a document that provided law and order for the Pilgrims – self-government
Massachusetts • Puritans – wanted to purify the church – based on the rules of the Bible • Everyone attended church by law – society emphasized duty, godliness, hard work, and honesty
Rhode Island • Roger Williams chose to worship God in his own way • Created own colony based on freedom for everyone but slaves
Connecticut • Thomas Hooker – left Massachusetts for more freedom • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – first written plan of government
New Hampshire • Puritans settled the area
The Middle Colonies • Rich soil, wooded mountains, water • Colonists were many cultures and religions • Economy – cash crops, lumbering, and shipbuilding
New York • Taken from the Dutch by the Duke of York • Diverse group of colonists and religions
New Jersey • Ethnic and religious diversity
Pennsylvania • William Penn – founder, Quaker • Quakers – believed all men are created equal • Philadelphia – city of brotherly love
Delaware • Diverse religions and cultures
The Southern Colonies • Wealthy colonists created plantations – slaves • Hot, wet climate, rich soil, rivers, wetlands • Economy – cash crops – tobacco, rice, indigo
Maryland • Founded Catholics by Lord Baltimore • Religious freedom for all Christians • Act of toleration – law that granted freedom of religion
Virginia • Jamestown – 1607 – first successful English settlement • Tobacco • House of Burgesses – first representative gov’t • Slavery
North and South Carolina • Wealthy owners • Slavery • Crops – indigo and rice
Georgia • James Oglethorpe • Safe place for debtors • Religious freedom – even for Jews • Buffer state against Spanish Florida