100 likes | 311 Views
Financial Derivatives The Mathematics. Fang-Bo Yeh Mathematics Department System and Control Group. Classic and Derivatives Market. Underlying Assets Cash Market Stock Market Currency Market. Contracts Forward and Swap Market : FRAs , Caps, Floors,
E N D
Financial Derivatives The Mathematics Fang-Bo Yeh Mathematics Department System and Control Group
Classic and Derivatives Market • Underlying Assets • Cash Market • Stock Market • Currency Market • Contracts • Forward and SwapMarket : FRAs , Caps, Floors, Interest Rate Swaps • Futures and OptionsMarket: Options, Swaptions, Convertibles Bond Option
Main Problem: What is the fair price for the contract? Ans: (1). The expected value of the discounted future stochastic payoff . (2). It is determined by market forces which is impossible have a theoretical price.
Problem Formulation Contract F : Underlying asset S, return Future time T, future pay-off f(ST) Riskless bond B, return Find contract value F(t, St)
Assume 1). The future pay-off is attainable: (controllable) exists a portfolio such that 2). Efficient market: (observable) If then
By assumptions (1)(2) Ito’s lemma The Black-Scholes-Merton Equation:
Main Result The fair price is the expected value of the discounted future stochastic payoff under the new martingale measure.
Numerical Solution • Finite Difference Method • Idea: • Approximate differentials by simple differences via Taylor series • Monte Carlo Simulation Method • Idea: • Monte Carlo Integration Generating and sampling Random variables