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Living in harmony with the environment in a precarious situation?. Example of Eastern Chad by Arnold Egli, Consultant for natural and renewable resources management with SHA and UNHCR. Chad. 7 Mio habitants 110 different ethnically different populations Land locked country 1‘280‘000 km2
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Living in harmony with the environment in a precarious situation? Example of Eastern Chadby Arnold Egli,Consultant for natural and renewable resources management with SHA and UNHCR
Chad • 7 Mio habitants • 110 different ethnically different populations • Land locked country • 1‘280‘000 km2 • main activities: live stock keeping, agriculture for subsistence and the market, cotton as a cash crop • Exploitation of petrol since July 2004 • Important, not yet exploited gas resources • One of the poorest country in the world • Again affected by a drought and hunger!!!
East of Chad • Land area: 60'000 km2 • Border with Sudan 600 km • Local pop. density: < 4 h / km2 • Big animals: 3.5 Mio • Rainfall: 0 and 600 mm,Irregular distribution
Refugee's Operation of UNHCR and contribution of SHA • approx. 220'000 refugees • 60 -80‘000 IDP since 2006 • First camp opens in January 2004, newest in April 2005 • Camp size: 12 and 30'000 people • Camps equiped with nutrition center, first aid station, primary schools, police guard, community services, • Water supply: 11 to 18 l/p/d(drinking water quality) • Food supply approx. 2000 kcal/p/d • Costs: 80 Mio US $ (2004); 55 US $ (2005); 40 Mio US $ (in 2006); 2011 ? • Contribution SHA- 1 site planner 2004- 1 water specialist 2004 to 2010 • - 1 environment specialist 2004 to 2006 and 2011
Zustand und Anfälligkeit der Ökosysteme (Sahel Tschad) Nach Norden abnehmender Niederschlag und zunehmende Anfälligkeit des Ökosystems
Main Refugee’s Zones • 12 camps répartis en 4 zones avec des caractéristiques propres (unités d’analyse)
Wood saving 3… and more of these wood saving stoves! • Metallic stove "Save80" • Metallic stove "Central African Stove„ • Mud stove mobil
Wood substitution 1Briquettes of different materials • Cardboard, Doum kernel, mixture of…
Wood restoring activities 1Tree production, planting and protection
Wood restoring activities 2Forest land protection and managment
Thank you for your attention! Sustainably yours!